A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes, and around his mouth.
The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow.
The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice B rationale:

The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While it’s important to start CPR as soon as possible, the AED should be attached as soon as it’s available.

Choice B rationale:

The American Heart Association recommends providing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120/min during CPR.

Choice C rationale:

Checking for a brachial pulse is not a priority during CPR. The focus should be on providing chest compressions and rescue breaths.

Choice D rationale:

The correct ratio of compressions to breaths during CPR is 30:2, not 50:2.

A. Drop prescribed amount of medication into the conjunctival sac. B. Place the eyedropper gently against the sclera. C. Don sterile gloves to instill the medication. D. Gently rub the eye after instilling the medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The medication should be dropped into the conjunctival sac, which is the space between the lower eyelid and the eyeball. This is the correct method for administering ophthalmic drops.

Choice B rationale:

The eyedropper should not touch any part of the eye, including the sclera, to avoid contamination and potential infection.

Choice C rationale:

It is not necessary to don sterile gloves when administering ophthalmic drops. Clean gloves or hand hygiene is sufficient.

Choice D rationale:

Rubbing the eye after instilling medication can cause irritation and may disperse the medication, reducing its effectiveness.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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