A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes, and around his mouth.
The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow.
The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice B rationale:

The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This statement is incorrect because the heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is correct. The heart has two large chambers called ventricles that pump blood out of the heart.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is incorrect because the ventricles are the larger chambers of the heart, not the smaller ones.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is incorrect because the atria are the smaller chambers of the heart, not the larger ones.

A. Ask someone to call 911. B. Ask the victim if he can speak. C. Use the jaw-thrust maneuver. D. Administer an abdominal thrust.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While calling 911 is important, it is not the first action the nurse should take. The nurse should first assess the victim’s condition.

Choice B rationale:

The first action when someone is choking is to ask if they can speak. If they can speak, it means air is still passing through the windpipe.

Choice C rationale:

The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway in an unconscious victim, not in a choking victim.

Choice D rationale:

Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) are used when the victim cannot speak, indicating a complete airway obstruction.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is educating her patient on the pumping efficacy of the heart.The nurse knows that the patient understands the teaching when the patient states:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is dining at a restaurant when a woman calls for help because her partner is choking.Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client regarding reduction of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A patient with CAD is asking the nurse about the mechanisms of the heart.It would be appropriate for the nurse to respond that when the left ventricle contracts, it pushes blood through the semilunar valve to the:

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypocalcemia.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a fluid volume deficit.The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

A charge nurse is observing a nurse performing a Mantoux tuberculin skin test for a client.Which of the following actions should prompt the charge nurse to intervene?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of assistive personnel (AP) about infection control measures on the unit.The nurse should remind the APs that which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of pathogens during client care?