A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes, and around his mouth.
The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow.
The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice B rationale:

The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

An angle of 60° is not typically used for IM injections. It is more commonly used for subcutaneous injections.

Choice B rationale:

An angle of 45° is also more commonly used for subcutaneous injections, not IM injections.

Choice C rationale:

An angle of 90° is the correct angle for an IM injection into the ventrogluteal muscle. This allows for the needle to penetrate deep into the muscle tissue.

Choice D rationale:

An angle of 75° is not typically used for any type of injection. It could potentially cause injury to the client if used for an IM injection.

A. "I will stop consuming alcohol.”. B. "I must stop smoking.”. C. "I am limiting my intake of fast foods.”. D. "I should lower my HDL cholesterol level.”. E. "I need to monitor my weight.”.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

The correct answers are Choice B: "I must stop smoking.", Choice C: "I am limiting my intake of fast foods.", and Choice E: "I need to monitor my weight."

Choice A rationale:

Stopping alcohol consumption can have various health benefits, but moderate alcohol consumption is not a primary risk factor for coronary artery disease. Instead, excessive drinking is more concerning.

Choice B rationale:

Smoking is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease. Quitting smoking greatly reduces the risk and improves overall cardiovascular health.

Choice C rationale:

Limiting fast food intake is an important dietary change, as fast foods are often high in unhealthy fats, salt, and calories, which can contribute to coronary artery disease.

Choice D rationale:

The statement "I should lower my HDL cholesterol level" is incorrect. HDL cholesterol is considered "good" cholesterol and helps to protect against heart disease. Therefore, lowering HDL cholesterol would not be beneficial.

Choice E rationale:

Monitoring and maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. Excess weight, particularly around the abdomen, is a known risk factor.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer penicillin IM to an adult client.Which of the following angles should the nurse use for injection into the client's ventrogluteal muscle?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client regarding reduction of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is conscious and has an airway obstruction.Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Before administering client medications, the nurse must identify the client.Which of the following methods of identification should the nurse use?

The nurse is educating her patient on the pumping efficacy of the heart.The nurse knows that the patient understands the teaching when the patient states:

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