A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes, and around his mouth.
The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow.
The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Metabolic acidosis.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Metabolic acidosis would likely present with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations), not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice B rationale:
The client’s symptoms of vomiting (which can cause a loss of stomach acid), dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in the extremities and around the mouth are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory alkalosis would likely present with rapid breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory acidosis would likely present with rapid, shallow breathing, not slow and shallow breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Repeating the potassium level is not the first action to take. The nurse already has a recent lab value.
Choice B rationale:
The nurse should withhold the medication. The normal range for potassium is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. A level of 5.5 mEq/L is high, so giving more potassium could lead to hyperkalemia.
Choice C rationale:
Monitoring for paresthesia is important in hyperkalemia, but it is not the first action. The nurse should first prevent further increase in potassium levels.
Choice D rationale:
Administering a hypertonic solution is not relevant in this situation. It does not directly address the high potassium level.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin. Clients with acute pancreatitis often have difficulty absorbing fat, including fat-soluble vitamins, so supplementation may be necessary.
Choice B rationale:
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, not a fat-soluble vitamin.
Choice C rationale:
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin, not a fat-soluble vitamin.
Choice D rationale:
Vitamin B is a water-soluble vitamin, not a fat-soluble vitamin.
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