Which statement best describes a subdural hematoma?
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the skull.
Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly.
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum.
The hematoma commonly occurs in the pretemporal region.
The Correct Answer is A
A subdural hematoma is a type of intracranial bleeding that occurs between the dura mater (the
outermost layer of the meninges) and the skull. The dura mater is a tough membrane that covers
and protects the brain. When a subdural hematoma occurs, blood collects between the dura mater
and the skull, resulting in increased pressure on the brain.
Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly in (Option B) is incorrect because
while bleeding in a subdural hematoma can be arterial, it can also be venous. The rate of bleeding
and brain compression can vary depending on the size and severity of the hematoma.
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum in (Option C) is incorrect because the bleeding
in a subdural hematoma does not occur between the dura and the cerebrum (the largest part of the
brain). It specifically occurs between the dura and the skull.
The hematoma commonly occurs in the pretemporal region in (Option D) is incorrect because the
location of a subdural hematoma can vary. While pretemporal region is a possible location, subdural
hematomas can occur in different areas of the brain, depending on the site of injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The harness maintains the hips in flexion, abduction, and external rotation
The factor that the nurse should include when teaching a parent about the care of a newborn
in a Pavlik harness for hip dysplasia is that the harness maintains the hips in flexion,
abduction, and external rotation. The Pavlik harness is a commonly used device for the
treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants. It is designed to hold the
hips in a position that promotes proper alignment and development.
The harness maintains the hips in flexion, abduction and external rotation in (Option B) is
incorrect. The Pavlik harness should not be removed with every diaper change. The harness
needs to be worn consistently as directed by the healthcare provider to ensure the
effectiveness of the treatment.
The harness is the only first step of treatment in (Option C) is incorrect. While the Pavlik
harness is an important step in the treatment of hip dysplasia, it is not the only step.
Additional treatments, such as bracing or surgical interventions, may be required depending
on the severity of the condition.
The harness in worn for 2 weeks in (Option D) is incorrect. The duration for which the Pavlik
harness is worn can vary depending on the individual case and the healthcare provider's
instructions. It is typically worn for several weeks to months, and the specific duration will be
determined by the healthcare provider based on the child's progress and response to
treatment.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a 10-year-old child is a headache. Headache is a common symptom associated with increased pressure within the cranial cavity. It can be a result of various conditions that cause elevated intracranial pressure, such as brain tumours, intracranial haemorrhage, hydrocephalus, or brain trauma. The headache may be described as persistent, worsening, or accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or changes in neurological status.
tachypnoea (rapid breathing), in (option A) is incorrect because it is not a specific sign of increased intracranial pressure. It can be seen in various conditions, including respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, anxiety, or physical exertion.
bulging fontanel in (option B) is incorrect because it, is more commonly observed in infants and is not typically seen in older children. The fontanelles (soft spots) on an infant's skull normally close by the age of 18-24 months.
an increase in head circumference in (option D) is incorrect because it, may be a sign of increased intracranial pressure in infants. However, in a 10-year-old child, the fontanelles are typically closed, and head circumference growth is not a reliable indicator of increased intracranial pressure
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