Which statement best describes a subdural hematoma?
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the skull.
Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly.
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum.
The hematoma commonly occurs in the pretemporal region.
The Correct Answer is A
A subdural hematoma is a type of intracranial bleeding that occurs between the dura mater (the
outermost layer of the meninges) and the skull. The dura mater is a tough membrane that covers
and protects the brain. When a subdural hematoma occurs, blood collects between the dura mater
and the skull, resulting in increased pressure on the brain.
Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly in (Option B) is incorrect because
while bleeding in a subdural hematoma can be arterial, it can also be venous. The rate of bleeding
and brain compression can vary depending on the size and severity of the hematoma.
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum in (Option C) is incorrect because the bleeding
in a subdural hematoma does not occur between the dura and the cerebrum (the largest part of the
brain). It specifically occurs between the dura and the skull.
The hematoma commonly occurs in the pretemporal region in (Option D) is incorrect because the
location of a subdural hematoma can vary. While pretemporal region is a possible location, subdural
hematomas can occur in different areas of the brain, depending on the site of injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
When caring for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), nursing care should include elevating the head but giving nothing by mouth. Tracheoesophageal fistula is a condition where an abnormal connection exists between the trachea and oesophagus, leading to the passage of air and secretions between these structures. Feeding the infant orally can result in aspiration of feedings into the lungs, which can cause respiratory distress and complications. Therefore, it is important to keep the neonate in an upright position to reduce the risk of aspiration until a definitive diagnosis and treatment plan are established.
elevating the head for feedings in (option B), is not appropriate in this case as oral feedings should be avoided until the tracheoesophageal fistula is addressed.
avoiding suction unless the infant is cyanotic in (option C), is not correct. Suctioning may be necessary in neonates with suspected tracheoesophageal fistula to clear secretions and maintain a patent airway.
feeding glucose water only in (option D), is not an appropriate intervention for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula. In this situation, all oral feedings should be withheld until further evaluation and management.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
In this scenario, the child's increased urination after a serious motor vehicle crash may
indicate a potential issue with fluid balance. Monitoring the child's intake and output is the
priority action for the nurse. This involves accurately measuring and recording the fluids the
child consumes (intake) and the fluids the child eliminates through urine, sweat, and other
sources (output). By closely monitoring the child's intake and output, the nurse can assess the
child's fluid status and identify any abnormalities or imbalances that may require further
intervention.
Restrict dietary sodium intake in (option A) is incorrect because restricting dietary sodium
intake, may be necessary in certain situations, such as if the child has a known sodium
imbalance or hypertension. However, it is not the priority action in this scenario.
Assess the daily serum sodium level in (option B) is incorrect because assessing the daily
serum sodium level, is important to evaluate the child's electrolyte balance. However, it is not
the priority action compared to monitoring the child's intake and output.
Weigh the child daily in (option C) is incorrect because weighing the child daily, is a useful
measure to assess changes in fluid balance. However, it is not the priority action in this
scenario compared to monitoring the child's intake and output, which provides real-time
information on fluid balance.
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