What does the nurse learn that predisposes the adolescent to feel an increased need for sleep?

The assessment finding that the nurse should expect in an infant with Hirschsprung disease is option A, constipation with the passage of foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools. Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal part of the colon, leading to functional obstruction. The affected segment of the colon lacks the normal peristaltic movements, resulting in an accumulation of faecal matter. The stools passed by infants with Hirschsprung disease are often constipated, and the narrow, ribbon- like appearance is a result of the narrowed segment of the colon.

diarrhea (option B) is incorrect because it, is not typically associated with Hirschsprung disease. Instead, the condition presents with constipation due to the obstructed bowel.

foul-smelling, fatty stools in (option C) is incorrect because it, is not characteristic of Hirschsprung disease. This finding may be associated with malabsorption disorders such as cystic fibrosis or celiac disease, but not specifically with Hirschsprung disease.

"currant jelly" stools in (option D) is incorrect because it, is a term commonly used to describe the stools seen in intussusception, which is a different condition involving the telescoping of one segment of the bowel into another. It is not an expected finding in Hirschsprung disease.

Compartment syndrome is a condition that can occur following an injury, such as a fracture, where there is increased pressure within a closed space (compartment) in the body. In the case of a forearm fracture, swelling and increased pressure within the compartment can lead to compression of the nerves and blood vessels, resulting in symptoms such as pain, numbness, and decreased function of the affected muscles.

The inability to extend the fingers suggests impairment of the extensor muscles, which are innervated by the radial nerve. If the radial nerve is compressed or injured due to compartment syndrome, it can result in a loss of function in the muscles it innervates, leading to the inability to extend the fingers.

damage to the epiphyseal plate in (option A) is incorrect because it, is not related to the inability to extend the fingers. The epiphyseal plate is the growth plate in long bones, and damage to it would typically affect bone growth rather than finger extension.

, stating that it is normal following this type of injury in (option B), is incorrect. Inability to extend the fingers is not a normal or expected finding after a forearm fracture. It suggests a potential complication or underlying issue.

fat embolism in (option D) is incorrect because it, is unlikely to cause an inability to extend the fingers. Fat embolism occurs when fat globules from a broken bone enter the bloodstream and can lead to respiratory and neurological symptoms, but it would not specifically cause an isolated loss of finger extension.