Which statement best describes why infants are at greater risk for dehydration than older children?
Infants have an increased ability to concentrate urine.
Infants have an increased extracellular flued volume
Infants have a greater volume of intracellular fluid.
Infants have a smaller body surface area.
The Correct Answer is B
The statement that best describes why infants are at greater risk for dehydration than older children is option B. Infants have an increased extracellular fluid volume compared to older children. This means that a larger proportion of their total body fluid is located outside the cells, in the extracellular compartment. This higher extracellular fluid volume makes infants more susceptible to fluid losses and dehydration if they experience inadequate fluid intake or increased fluid losses.
infants have an increased ability to concentrate urine in (option A), is incorrect. Infants have limited renal function and may have difficulty concentrating urine compared to older children and adults. This can contribute to a higher risk of dehydration in infants.
infants have a greater volume of intracellular fluid in (option C), is incorrect. The volume of intracellular fluid is not the primary factor contributing to the increased risk of dehydration in infants.
infants have a smaller body surface area in (option D) is incorrect because it, is not directly related to the increased risk of dehydration. Body surface area influences heat exchange and fluid loss through sweating but is not the main factor contributing to the higher risk of dehydration in infants.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A subdural hematoma is a type of intracranial bleeding that occurs between the dura mater (the
outermost layer of the meninges) and the skull. The dura mater is a tough membrane that covers
and protects the brain. When a subdural hematoma occurs, blood collects between the dura mater
and the skull, resulting in increased pressure on the brain.
Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly in (Option B) is incorrect because
while bleeding in a subdural hematoma can be arterial, it can also be venous. The rate of bleeding
and brain compression can vary depending on the size and severity of the hematoma.
Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum in (Option C) is incorrect because the bleeding
in a subdural hematoma does not occur between the dura and the cerebrum (the largest part of the
brain). It specifically occurs between the dura and the skull.
The hematoma commonly occurs in the pretemporal region in (Option D) is incorrect because the
location of a subdural hematoma can vary. While pretemporal region is a possible location, subdural
hematomas can occur in different areas of the brain, depending on the site of injury.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
In a teaching plan for the mother of an 11-year-old boy with ulcerative colitis, the nurse should stress the importance of coping with stress and avoiding triggers. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can be influenced by various factors, including stress and triggers. Helping the child and the family develop effective stress management strategies and identifying and avoiding triggers can help in reducing the frequency and severity of ulcerative colitis flare-ups.
preventing the spread of illness to others in (option B) is incorrect because it, is not the primary focus of teaching for ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is not an infectious condition that can be spread to others.
, nutritional guidance and supportive intake of sodas in (option C) is incorrect because it, is an important aspect of managing ulcerative colitis. However, it should be addressed in conjunction with a comprehensive nutritional plan that considers the individual needs and tolerances of the child. The mention of supportive intake of sodas may not be appropriate, as carbonated beverages can potentially aggravate symptoms in some individuals with ulcerative colitis.
teaching daily use of enemas in (option D) is incorrect because it, is not typically a part of routine care for ulcerative colitis in children. The use of enemas may be considered in specific situations or as part of an individualized treatment plan under the guidance of healthcare providers, but it is not a general teaching point for all children with ulcerative colitis.
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