Which of the following are physical changes that occur in middle adulthood? Select all that apply.
Increased subcutaneous fat
Increased skin turgor and moisture
Decreased bone density
The skin is more elastic
Muscle mass gradually decreases
Decreased auditory acuity
Correct Answer : A,C,E,F
A. Increased subcutaneous fat: Middle adulthood often sees an increase in fat deposits, particularly around the abdomen, due to changes in metabolism and hormonal shifts.
B. Increased skin turgor and moisture: Incorrect. Aging typically leads to decreased skin turgor and moisture, causing the skin to become drier and less elastic.
C. Decreased bone density: Bone density generally decreases due to reduced bone remodeling, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis.
D. The skin is more elastic: Incorrect. Skin elasticity usually decreases with age, resulting in wrinkles and sagging.
E. Muscle mass gradually decreases: Muscle mass tends to decline with age, a condition known as sarcopenia, leading to reduced strength and physical capability.
F. Decreased auditory acuity: Hearing loss, particularly high-frequency hearing loss, is common as people age due to changes in the inner ear and other auditory structures
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Document "impaired oxygenation" on the nursing care plan: While this may be appropriate based on assessment findings, it's premature to document without conducting a thorough assessment first.
B. Auscultate the chest for breath sounds: This is a critical component of assessing respiratory function, especially in a client with pneumonia, to identify abnormal breath sounds such as crackles or diminished breath sounds.
C. Collaborate with the client to form goals: Goal setting typically comes after assessment data is collected and analyzed.
D. Apply supplemental oxygen by face mask as needed: This action should be based on assessment findings indicating the need for oxygen therapy, not assumed without assessment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Obtain a bedside commode for the client's use: While helpful, this might not address the client's fear of walking in a dark room, and it requires transferring, which could still pose a fall risk.
B. Limit the client's fluid intake in the evening: This can prevent nocturnal trips to the bathroom but doesn't directly address safety if the client needs to get up at night.
C. Put the side rails up and tell the client to call the nurse before voiding: Side rails can sometimes increase fall risk if the client attempts to climb over them. It's more beneficial to ensure a safe environment.
D. Leave a nightlight on in the client's room: This provides adequate lighting, reducing the risk of tripping or falling in the dark, which directly addresses the client's concern about safety while walking to the bathroom.
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