Which of the following are physical changes that occur in middle adulthood? Select all that apply.

Increased subcutaneous fat

Increased skin turgor and moisture

Decreased bone density

The skin is more elastic

Muscle mass gradually decreases

Decreased auditory acuity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E,F

A. Increased subcutaneous fat: Middle adulthood often sees an increase in fat deposits, particularly around the abdomen, due to changes in metabolism and hormonal shifts.

B. Increased skin turgor and moisture: Incorrect. Aging typically leads to decreased skin turgor and moisture, causing the skin to become drier and less elastic.

C. Decreased bone density: Bone density generally decreases due to reduced bone remodeling, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis.

D. The skin is more elastic: Incorrect. Skin elasticity usually decreases with age, resulting in wrinkles and sagging.

E. Muscle mass gradually decreases: Muscle mass tends to decline with age, a condition known as sarcopenia, leading to reduced strength and physical capability.

F. Decreased auditory acuity: Hearing loss, particularly high-frequency hearing loss, is common as people age due to changes in the inner ear and other auditory structures

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Cognitive dysfunction: This is a broad term that includes various types of cognitive impairment.

B. Alzheimer's disease: This is a specific type of dementia, but it doesn’t specifically describe the timing of confusion.

C. Sundowning syndrome: This term describes increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon and evening. It’s commonly seen in individuals with dementia.

D. Night-time confusion: This is a general term and doesn't specifically relate to the characteristic pattern of sundowning.

A. "Do you smoke?" B. "How are you feeling?" C. "Are you feeling well?" D. "Do you use any illicit drugs?"

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Do you smoke?" This is a closed-ended question that can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." It doesn't encourage elaboration or detailed responses.

B. "How are you feeling?" This is an open-ended question that encourages the client to provide more detailed and descriptive responses about their current state or feelings. It allows the client to share more information and gives the nurse a better understanding of their condition.

C. "Are you feeling well?" Similar to option A, this is a closed-ended question. It prompts a "yes" or "no" answer without inviting further discussion or detailed explanation.

D. "Do you use any illicit drugs?" This is another closed-ended question that requires a "yes" or "no" answer. It does not provide the opportunity for the client to discuss their drug use in detail.

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Which of the following are physical changes that occur in middle adulthood? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The adult child of an older adult calls the nurse practitioner to report that the parent is becoming very confused after dark. What is this type of confusion named?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is conducting an interview with a client. Which example best demonstrates use of open-ended questions in an interview?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

To what is a person referring when during an interview the person says, "I am a member of the sandwich generation?

A nurse is creating a discharge plan. Which of the following nursing statements indicates the nurse understands when discharge planning should be implemented?

A nurse is preparing to examine the breasts of a client. In what position should the nurse place the client?

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who states, "I am afraid that I may fall while walking to the bathroom during the night." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is educating a group of middle adults about health promotion. What statement by one of the participants indicates the need for additional education?

A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development. The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?