A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development. The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?
Concrete operational
Sensorimotor
Formal operational
Preoperational
The Correct Answer is B
A. Concrete operational: This stage (7 to 11 years) is characterized by logical thinking about concrete events.
B. Sensorimotor: This stage (birth to about 2 years) is when infants learn about the world through their senses and actions. Object permanence—the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched—develops in this stage.
C. Formal operational: This stage (12 years and up) involves abstract and moral reasoning.
D. Preoperational: This stage (2 to 7 years) is when children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they don’t yet understand concrete logic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Document "impaired oxygenation" on the nursing care plan: While this may be appropriate based on assessment findings, it's premature to document without conducting a thorough assessment first.
B. Auscultate the chest for breath sounds: This is a critical component of assessing respiratory function, especially in a client with pneumonia, to identify abnormal breath sounds such as crackles or diminished breath sounds.
C. Collaborate with the client to form goals: Goal setting typically comes after assessment data is collected and analyzed.
D. Apply supplemental oxygen by face mask as needed: This action should be based on assessment findings indicating the need for oxygen therapy, not assumed without assessment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administer oxygen at 2 L/min: Administering oxygen is important but should be done after positioning the client to improve natural ventilation.
B. Raise the head of the bed: Raising the head of the bed is the first action to take as it facilitates better lung expansion and improves ventilation. This can help increase the oxygen saturation more immediately and effectively.
C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing is also beneficial to help clear secretions and improve lung function, but positioning the client for optimal breathing should be prioritized first.
D. Administer prescribed analgesic medication. Administering analgesics may be necessary for pain management, but it does not directly address the immediate need to improve oxygen saturation.
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