A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development. The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?
Concrete operational
Sensorimotor
Formal operational
Preoperational
The Correct Answer is B
A. Concrete operational: This stage (7 to 11 years) is characterized by logical thinking about concrete events.
B. Sensorimotor: This stage (birth to about 2 years) is when infants learn about the world through their senses and actions. Object permanence—the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched—develops in this stage.
C. Formal operational: This stage (12 years and up) involves abstract and moral reasoning.
D. Preoperational: This stage (2 to 7 years) is when children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they don’t yet understand concrete logic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Sheepskin heel pad: A sheepskin heel pad provides cushioning to prevent pressure ulcers but does not prevent plantar flexion contractures as it does not keep the foot in a neutral position.
B. Abduction pillow: An abduction pillow is used to maintain hip abduction and alignment, typically after hip surgery. It does not address foot positioning or prevent plantar flexion.
C. Footboard: A footboard helps maintain the feet in dorsiflexion, preventing plantar flexion contractures. It keeps the feet at a 90-degree angle to the legs, which is essential for preventing contractures.
D. Trochanter roll: A trochanter roll is used to maintain the alignment of the hips and prevent external rotation of the legs. It does not prevent plantar flexion contractures.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Document "impaired oxygenation" on the nursing care plan: While this may be appropriate based on assessment findings, it's premature to document without conducting a thorough assessment first.
B. Auscultate the chest for breath sounds: This is a critical component of assessing respiratory function, especially in a client with pneumonia, to identify abnormal breath sounds such as crackles or diminished breath sounds.
C. Collaborate with the client to form goals: Goal setting typically comes after assessment data is collected and analyzed.
D. Apply supplemental oxygen by face mask as needed: This action should be based on assessment findings indicating the need for oxygen therapy, not assumed without assessment.
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