A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development. The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?

Concrete operational

Sensorimotor

Formal operational

Preoperational

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Concrete operational: This stage (7 to 11 years) is characterized by logical thinking about concrete events.

B. Sensorimotor: This stage (birth to about 2 years) is when infants learn about the world through their senses and actions. Object permanence—the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched—develops in this stage.

C. Formal operational: This stage (12 years and up) involves abstract and moral reasoning.

D. Preoperational: This stage (2 to 7 years) is when children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they don’t yet understand concrete logic.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I will begin 48 hr before the client's discharge." Waiting until 48 hours before discharge does not provide enough time for thorough planning, education, or addressing potential needs after discharge.

B. "I will begin once the client's insurance company approves discharge coverage." Discharge planning should not depend solely on insurance approval. It needs to be proactive and begin earlier to ensure comprehensive planning and education.

C. "I will begin once the client's discharge order is written." Starting discharge planning only after the discharge order is written does not allow adequate time for preparation and may result in rushed or incomplete planning.

D. "I will begin upon the client's admission to the facility."Discharge planning should start at admission. Early planning ensures that all aspects of post-discharge care are considered and allows ample time for education, coordination, and addressing potential barriers to successful discharge.

A. Administer oxygen at 2 U/min. B. Raise the head of the bed. C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing D. Administer prescribed analgesic medication

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administer oxygen at 2 L/min: Administering oxygen is important but should be done after positioning the client to improve natural ventilation.

B. Raise the head of the bed: Raising the head of the bed is the first action to take as it facilitates better lung expansion and improves ventilation. This can help increase the oxygen saturation more immediately and effectively.

C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing is also beneficial to help clear secretions and improve lung function, but positioning the client for optimal breathing should be prioritized first.

D. Administer prescribed analgesic medication. Administering analgesics may be necessary for pain management, but it does not directly address the immediate need to improve oxygen saturation.

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A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development. The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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