Which instruction is highest priority when the nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient with Addison's disease?
Avoiding infection
Managing lifelong corticosteroid replacement
Wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet
Practicing stress-management techniques
The Correct Answer is B
A. While avoiding infection is important for individuals with Addison's disease due to their weakened immune system, the priority is ensuring proper medication management.
B. Managing lifelong corticosteroid replacement is the most crucial instruction because individuals with Addison's disease have insufficient production of adrenal hormones, particularly cortisol. Without appropriate corticosteroid therapy, they can experience life-threatening adrenal crises.
C. Wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet is a helpful precaution, but it is not as immediately critical as ensuring proper medication management.
D. Practicing stress-management techniques is beneficial, as stress can exacerbate symptoms of Addison's disease, but corticosteroid replacement remains the highest priority.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Formoterol is a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) used for maintenance therapy, not for aborting acute asthma attacks. LABAs help prevent asthma symptoms but are not effective for immediate relief during an acute attack.
B. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SABA), which is the medication of choice for relieving acute asthma symptoms. It acts quickly to relax the muscles of the airways and relieve bronchospasm.
C. Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term asthma control, reducing inflammation, but it is not used to treat acute attacks.
D. Salmeterol is another LABA, similar to formoterol, and is not used for aborting acute asthma attacks but rather for long-term control.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Glucocorticoid medications are not used to treat DKA. In fact, glucocorticoids can increase blood glucose levels and exacerbate hyperglycemia.
B. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride is not appropriate for the initial treatment of DKA. Initially, IV fluids containing normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) are used to correct dehydration and restore electrolyte balance.
C. Oral hypoglycemic medications are not effective in DKA, as it is a serious acute complication of diabetes that requires insulin therapy and IV fluids, not oral medications.
D. 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus is the first-line treatment for DKA to rehydrate the patient, correct electrolyte imbalances, and dilute the high blood glucose level. After stabilization, insulin therapy is also introduced.
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