Which health teaching concept should the nurse emphasize when instructing the parents of a child with polycythemia caused by a congenital heart disorder?

A. Obtaining a peak flow reading is useful for assessing asthma severity but is not the immediate priority in an acute situation.

B. Administering an inhaled glucocorticoid is part of the long-term management of asthma and may not provide immediate relief during an acute exacerbation.

C. Administering a short-acting β-agonist (SABA) is the priority intervention for immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms and helps to quickly open the airways.

D. Determining the cause of the exacerbation is important for long-term management but does not address the immediate need for symptom relief.

A. Trust vs. Mistrust: This stage occurs from birth to approximately 18 months of age. During this period, infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their needs. If their needs are consistently met, they develop a sense of trust; otherwise, they may develop mistrust.

B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: From 18 months to 3 years, children begin to assert their independence. If caregivers encourage self-sufficient behavior, children become more autonomous; if they're overly criticized, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt.

C. Initiative vs. Guilt: Between the ages of 3 and 5, children start to initiate activities and assert control over their world through play and social interactions. Successful initiation leads to a sense of purpose, while failure results in feelings of guilt.

D. Industry vs. Inferiority: From 6 years to puberty, children compare themselves to their peers. They develop a sense of pride and accomplishment through their successes, or they may feel inferior if they do not measure up.

E. Identity vs. Role Confusion: During adolescence, teens explore different roles and ideas to form a personal identity. A well-established identity leads to the ability to stay true to oneself, while failure to establish an identity results in role confusion.