A nurse is caring for a child who has rheumatic fever. When obtaining the child's medical history from the parent, the nurse should recognize the significance of which of the following data as the possible source of the child's infection?
The father who had gastritis 2 weeks ago
A neighbor's child who has chickenpox
A sibling who had a sore throat 3 weeks ago
A classmate who has fifth disease
The Correct Answer is C
A. Gastritis is not an infectious condition and is unlikely to be the source of the child's rheumatic fever.
B. Chickenpox is caused by a different pathogen (varicella-zoster virus) and is not associated with the development of rheumatic fever.
C. Rheumatic fever often follows untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal infections, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis (sore throat). A sibling with a recent sore throat is a significant piece of information.
D. Fifth disease is caused by parvovirus B19 and is not known to be a precursor to rheumatic fever.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Elevated temperature in a toddler with roseola is generally self-limiting and not immediately life-threatening.
B. A urine specific gravity of 1.016 in a 7-year-old with diabetes insipidus indicates a dilute urine concentration and is not an acute priority.
C. Sickle cell anemia can lead to vaso-occlusive crises, and severe chest pain could suggest a potential life-threatening complication such as acute chest syndrome. This requires immediate attention.
D. A PCO2 level of 37 mm Hg in a 4-year-old with asthma, while indicating respiratory distress, may not be as urgently life-threatening as severe chest pain in a child with sickle cell anemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Sleep apnea is different from SIDS; SIDS is a sudden, unexplained death during sleep in otherwise healthy infants.
B. SIDS rates have actually been decreasing due to public health campaigns promoting safe sleep practices.
C. There is no direct correlation between SIDS and diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines.
SIDS is a multifactorial event, and vaccines have not been shown to cause it.

D. Placing infants on their back to sleep is a key recommendation for reducing the risk of SIDS, as per safe sleep guidelines endorsed by healthcare organizations.
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