A nurse is caring for a child who has rheumatic fever. When obtaining the child's medical history from the parent, the nurse should recognize the significance of which of the following data as the possible source of the child's infection?
The father who had gastritis 2 weeks ago
A neighbor's child who has chickenpox
A sibling who had a sore throat 3 weeks ago
A classmate who has fifth disease
The Correct Answer is C
A. Gastritis is not an infectious condition and is unlikely to be the source of the child's rheumatic fever.
B. Chickenpox is caused by a different pathogen (varicella-zoster virus) and is not associated with the development of rheumatic fever.
C. Rheumatic fever often follows untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal infections, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis (sore throat). A sibling with a recent sore throat is a significant piece of information.
D. Fifth disease is caused by parvovirus B19 and is not known to be a precursor to rheumatic fever.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Rovsing's sign is a rebound tenderness felt in the right lower quadrant when the left lower quadrant is palpated. It may be positive in acute appendicitis but is not indicative of perforation.
B. A low-grade fever is common in acute appendicitis but may not necessarily indicate perforation.
C. A sudden decrease in abdominal pain may indicate perforation, but it is not a definitive sign.
Perforation can lead to a temporary relief of pain as the irritants spread throughout the peritoneum.
D. A flaccid abdomen (soft and lacking muscular tension) can be a sign of peritonitis, which may occur due to perforation of the appendix. It suggests irritation of the peritoneum and is a more significant concern than a localized infection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Placing the child on droplet precautions is the first priority to prevent the potential spread of infection, as epiglottitis is often caused by bacterial infection.
B. While obtaining an x-ray may be part of the diagnostic process, the immediate concern is to prevent the spread of infection.
C. Administering IV fluids may be necessary, but placing the child on droplet precautions takes precedence.
D. Initiating IV antibiotics is an essential treatment for epiglottitis, but placing the child on droplet precautions is the initial step to prevent transmission to healthcare providers and other patients.
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