When teaching a patient with chronic SIADH about long-term management of the disorder, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient says:
I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."
I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day,"
I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.”
I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is c. I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.
Rationale for Choice A:
- Statement: "I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."
- Rationale: This statement is correct. It's crucial for patients with SIADH to monitor their weight daily as even slight fluctuations can signal fluid imbalances. Sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, while sudden weight loss might suggest dehydration. Both scenarios warrant medical attention.
Rationale for Choice B:
- Statement: "I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."
- Rationale: This statement is also correct. Fluid restriction is a cornerstone of SIADH management. By limiting fluid intake, patients can help prevent the buildup of excess fluid in the body, which can lead to complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) and edema.
Rationale for Choice C:
- Statement: "I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss."
- Rationale: This statement is incorrect. While some diuretics used in the treatment of SIADH can indeed cause potassium loss, this is not a universal side effect. Furthermore, increasing potassium intake without medical supervision can be dangerous, potentially leading to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood). It's essential for patients to consult with their healthcare providers for individualized guidance on potassium intake.
Rationale for Choice D:
- Statement: "I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods."
- Rationale: This statement is correct. A low-sodium diet is often recommended for patients with SIADH to help manage fluid balance and prevent hyponatremia. Restricting sodium intake can reduce fluid retention and help maintain appropriate sodium levels in the blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Excess fluid volume related to intake greater than output would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with symptoms of DI (diabetes insipidus). This condition results in excessive urine output and, as a consequence, can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, monitoring and managing fluid volume is a priority for patients with DI.
Risk for impaired skin integrity related to generalized edema is more commonly associated with conditions that cause fluid retention such as heart failure, liver failure, or kidney disease, rather than DI.
Activity intolerance related to muscle cramps and weakness is a possible nursing diagnosis for patients with conditions that affect muscle function, such as muscular dystrophy or multiple sclerosis, but not specifically for DI.
Insomnia related to waking at night to void is more commonly associated with urinary frequency or nocturia due to conditions such as urinary tract infections or benign prostatic hyperplasia, but not specifically for DI.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from decreased insulin secretion and/or increased insulin resistance. In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, which is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate for the increased demand, but over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up, and blood sugar levels rise.
Unlike type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, people with type 2 diabetes still produce insulin, but their body is not able to use it effectively. Therefore, type 2 diabetes can be managed through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, and/or medication, such as oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin therapy.
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