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When teaching a patient with chronic SIADH about long-term management of the disorder, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient says:

I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."

I need to limit my ﬂuid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day,"

I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.”

I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is c. I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.

Rationale for Choice A:

Statement: "I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."
Rationale: This statement is correct. It's crucial for patients with SIADH to monitor their weight daily as even slight fluctuations can signal fluid imbalances. Sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, while sudden weight loss might suggest dehydration. Both scenarios warrant medical attention.

Rationale for Choice B:

Statement: "I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."
Rationale: This statement is also correct. Fluid restriction is a cornerstone of SIADH management. By limiting fluid intake, patients can help prevent the buildup of excess fluid in the body, which can lead to complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) and edema.

Rationale for Choice C:

Statement: "I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss."
Rationale: This statement is incorrect. While some diuretics used in the treatment of SIADH can indeed cause potassium loss, this is not a universal side effect. Furthermore, increasing potassium intake without medical supervision can be dangerous, potentially leading to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood). It's essential for patients to consult with their healthcare providers for individualized guidance on potassium intake.

Rationale for Choice D:

Statement: "I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods."
Rationale: This statement is correct. A low-sodium diet is often recommended for patients with SIADH to help manage fluid balance and prevent hyponatremia. Restricting sodium intake can reduce fluid retention and help maintain appropriate sodium levels in the blood.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse will include the instruction "Oﬀer the client the commode or urinal every 2 hours" in the teaching plan for the client's family. This approach is known as timed voiding and can help the client re-establish a regular pattern of urination. Option "a" promotes frequent voiding, which helps

prevent accidents and promotes bladder health. Option "b" is not a recommended approach and can lead to dehydration, urinary tract infections, and other complications. Option "c" is also not recommended since holding urine for extended periods can lead to bladder distention and increase the risk of urinary tract infections. Option "d" is also not recommended since catheterization should only be considered in specific cases where other options have failed or are not feasible.

A. increase the eﬀectiveness of the drug by taking it with cranberry juice to acidify the urine. B. take two of the pills a day for 5 days and reserve the rest of the pills to take it the symptoms reappear. C. take the antibiotic for the full 7 days, even if symptoms improve in a few days. D. return to the clinic in 3 days so that a urine culture can be done to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of the drug.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse's instruction to the patient is to take the antibiotic for the full 7 days, even if symptoms improve in a few days. This is because the full course of antibiotics is needed to eliminate the bacteria causing the UTI, even if the patient starts to feel better before the end of the treatment course. Failure to complete the full course of antibiotics can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance and the recurrence of the infection. The other options are not appropriate or eﬀective measures for managing a UTI with antibiotics.

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