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When teaching a patient with chronic SIADH about long-term management of the disorder, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient says:

I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."

I need to limit my ﬂuid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day,"

I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.”

I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is c. I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.

Rationale for Choice A:

Statement: "I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."
Rationale: This statement is correct. It's crucial for patients with SIADH to monitor their weight daily as even slight fluctuations can signal fluid imbalances. Sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, while sudden weight loss might suggest dehydration. Both scenarios warrant medical attention.

Rationale for Choice B:

Statement: "I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."
Rationale: This statement is also correct. Fluid restriction is a cornerstone of SIADH management. By limiting fluid intake, patients can help prevent the buildup of excess fluid in the body, which can lead to complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) and edema.

Rationale for Choice C:

Statement: "I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss."
Rationale: This statement is incorrect. While some diuretics used in the treatment of SIADH can indeed cause potassium loss, this is not a universal side effect. Furthermore, increasing potassium intake without medical supervision can be dangerous, potentially leading to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood). It's essential for patients to consult with their healthcare providers for individualized guidance on potassium intake.

Rationale for Choice D:

Statement: "I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods."
Rationale: This statement is correct. A low-sodium diet is often recommended for patients with SIADH to help manage fluid balance and prevent hyponatremia. Restricting sodium intake can reduce fluid retention and help maintain appropriate sodium levels in the blood.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Kegel exercises are designed to strengthen the pelvic ﬂoor muscles, which can help improve urinary incontinence. By teaching the patient how to perform Kegel exercises, the nurse can provide a non-invasive, eﬀective intervention that the patient can perform on her own to help manage her urinary incontinence.

Assisting the patient to the bathroom q3hr (b) may help reduce the frequency of incontinence episodes but it does not address the underlying issue of weakened pelvic ﬂoor muscles.

Demonstrating how to perform Crede’s maneuver (c) involves applying manual pressure to the bladder to assist with urination and is not appropriate for managing urinary incontinence related to laughing or coughing.

Placing a commode at the patient’s bedside (d) may be appropriate for patients who have difficulty with mobility or accessing the bathroom, but it does not address the underlying issue of weakened pelvic ﬂoor muscles causing urinary incontinence.

A. institute seizure precautions such as padded side rails. B. assist the patient to perform range-of-motion exercises QID. C. encourage the patient to drink 4000 ml of ﬂuid daily. D. monitor the patient for positive Chvostek’s or Trousseaus sign.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The patient with primary hyperparathyroidism has high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) which can lead to symptoms such as kidney stones, bone pain, and weakness. High urine calcium levels may also be present due to the increased calcium in the blood.

One important intervention for managing hypercalcemia is to encourage ﬂuid intake to promote increased urine output and prevent the formation of kidney stones. Therefore, the nurse should encourage the patient to drink at least 4000 ml of ﬂuids per day.

Seizure precautions (a), range-of-motion exercises (b), and monitoring for positive Chvostek’s or Trousseaus sign (d) are not directly related to managing hypercalcemia and are not necessary in this case.

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When teaching a patient with chronic SIADH about long-term management of the disorder, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient says:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After her bath, a 62-year-old patient asks the nurse for a perineal pad saying that she uses them because sometimes she leaks urine when she laughs or coughs. Which intervention is most appropriate to include in the care plan for the patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with primary hyperparathyroidism has a serum calcium level of 14 mg/dl (3.5 mmol/L), phosphorus of 1.7 mg/dl (55 mmol/L), serum creatinine of 2.2 mg/dl (194 mmol/L). and high urine calcium. While the patient awaits surgery, the nurse should:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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