What is the primary cause of refeeding syndrome in TPN patients?
High fat content in the diet
Rapid reintroduction of carbohydrates
Excess protein intake
Vitamin deficiency
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. High fat content does not directly cause refeeding syndrome; fat is less likely to trigger the electrolyte shifts seen in this condition.
B. Rapid reintroduction of carbohydrates in malnourished patients stimulates insulin release, which drives phosphate, potassium, and magnesium into cells, leading to potentially life-threatening electrolyte imbalances—the hallmark of refeeding syndrome.
C. Excess protein intake can strain kidney function but is not the primary cause of refeeding syndrome.
D. Vitamin deficiencies, such as thiamine, can worsen complications, but the immediate trigger is the rapid carbohydrate load.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces pressure on the abdomen and can help prevent worsening of a hiatal hernia.
B. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent reflux of gastric contents during sleep.
C. Reducing fluids is not recommended; adequate hydration is important.
D. Remaining upright (not lying down) after meals is recommended; lying down for half an hour increases reflux risk.
E. Limiting caffeine, spicy foods, and other reflux-triggering foods helps reduce symptoms associated with hiatal hernia.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Decompensated cirrhosis impairs the liver’s ability to process bilirubin, leading to yellowing of the skin and eyes.
B. Accumulation of ammonia and other toxins due to liver dysfunction can cause confusion, altered level of consciousness, and asterixis.
C. Fluid shifts into the peritoneal cavity occur due to low albumin levels and portal hypertension, causing abdominal distention.
D. While beneficial for overall health, exercise is not a clinical manifestation of cirrhosis.
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