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A nurse is caring for a client on a pediatric unit.

Exhibits
Select the effective interventions for managing diarrhea in children

A.

Clear liquid diet

B.

Hydration therapy

C.

Low-fiber diet

D.

Electrolyte replacement

E.

Opioid analgesics

F.

Antibiotic administration

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Rationale:

  • Hydration therapy is the cornerstone of pediatric diarrhea management, as children are at high risk for rapid fluid loss and dehydration. Both oral rehydration solutions and IV fluids may be necessary depending on severity.
  • Electrolyte replacement helps correct imbalances caused by frequent watery stools, especially sodium and potassium losses, preventing complications like hypovolemia and arrhythmias.
  • Clear liquid diet provides gentle reintroduction of fluids and easy-to-digest intake, helping to maintain hydration while minimizing gastrointestinal irritation.
  • Low-fiber diet may reduce stool bulk but is not a primary intervention for acute diarrhea.
  • Opioid analgesics are contraindicated in children with diarrhea due to risk of bowel obstruction and toxicity.
  • Antibiotic administration is only appropriate when a bacterial cause has been confirmed; most pediatric diarrhea is viral and self-limiting.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Rationale:

  • Potential Condition: The client with acute pancreatitis developed positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs, both classic indicators of hypocalcemia. Pancreatitis often causes calcium to bind to necrotic fat (saponification), lowering serum calcium.
  • Actions to Take:
    • Increasing IV fluids may be prescribed to improve intravascular volume and help stabilize electrolytes.
    • Requesting a STAT ECG is essential because hypocalcemia can prolong the QT interval and predispose to life-threatening arrhythmias.
  • Parameters to Monitor:
    • Intake and output helps assess hydration status, especially with diarrhea and ongoing fluid/electrolyte losses.
    • Bowel sounds should be monitored because hypocalcemia may cause abdominal cramping and changes in GI motility.

Correct Answer is ["D","E","F"]

Explanation

Rationale:

  • Improved breathing indicates that the removal of ascitic fluid has relieved diaphragmatic pressure, allowing better lung expansion.
  • Decreased abdominal pressure demonstrates that fluid removal has reduced intra-abdominal tension, improving mobility and comfort.
  • Relief of abdominal discomfort is a primary goal of paracentesis, as it enhances quality of life and reduces pain caused by fluid accumulation.
  • Stable vital signs and absence of respiratory distress are important for monitoring safety but are not direct measures of the procedure’s effectiveness.
  • Reduced ascitic fluid volume is the mechanism of action of paracentesis, while the client’s symptomatic relief is the best indicator of clinical success.

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