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A nurse is caring for a client on a pediatric unit.

Exhibits
Select the effective interventions for managing diarrhea in children

A.

Clear liquid diet

B.

Hydration therapy

C.

Low-fiber diet

D.

Electrolyte replacement

E.

Opioid analgesics

F.

Antibiotic administration

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Rationale:

  • Hydration therapy is the cornerstone of pediatric diarrhea management, as children are at high risk for rapid fluid loss and dehydration. Both oral rehydration solutions and IV fluids may be necessary depending on severity.
  • Electrolyte replacement helps correct imbalances caused by frequent watery stools, especially sodium and potassium losses, preventing complications like hypovolemia and arrhythmias.
  • Clear liquid diet provides gentle reintroduction of fluids and easy-to-digest intake, helping to maintain hydration while minimizing gastrointestinal irritation.
  • Low-fiber diet may reduce stool bulk but is not a primary intervention for acute diarrhea.
  • Opioid analgesics are contraindicated in children with diarrhea due to risk of bowel obstruction and toxicity.
  • Antibiotic administration is only appropriate when a bacterial cause has been confirmed; most pediatric diarrhea is viral and self-limiting.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. A nasogastric (NG) tube is often used to decompress the stomach in conditions like pyloric obstruction. By removing accumulated gastric secretions and gas, it relieves pressure, nausea, and vomiting and prevents further distention.

B. While NG tubes can be used to administer medications, this is not the primary purpose in the treatment of a pyloric obstruction.

C. Supplying nutrients via tube feedings is typically done with a feeding tube, not for gastric decompression in obstruction.

D. Determining the pH of gastric secretions may be performed for diagnostic purposes, but it is not the main rationale for using an NG tube in this situation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Seizures are more commonly associated with severe electrolyte imbalances like hyponatremia, not mild hypokalemia.

B. Neurogenic shock is related to spinal cord injury, not potassium imbalance.

C. Hypokalemia (potassium 3.3 mEq/L; normal 3.5–5.0 mEq/L) increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, palpitations, and potentially life-threatening cardiac complications, especially in clients taking diuretics like furosemide.

D. Low potassium does not directly cause hypoglycemia.

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