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A nurse is caring for a client on a pediatric unit.

Exhibits
Select the effective interventions for managing diarrhea in children

A.

Clear liquid diet

B.

Hydration therapy

C.

Low-fiber diet

D.

Electrolyte replacement

E.

Opioid analgesics

F.

Antibiotic administration

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Rationale:

  • Hydration therapy is the cornerstone of pediatric diarrhea management, as children are at high risk for rapid fluid loss and dehydration. Both oral rehydration solutions and IV fluids may be necessary depending on severity.
  • Electrolyte replacement helps correct imbalances caused by frequent watery stools, especially sodium and potassium losses, preventing complications like hypovolemia and arrhythmias.
  • Clear liquid diet provides gentle reintroduction of fluids and easy-to-digest intake, helping to maintain hydration while minimizing gastrointestinal irritation.
  • Low-fiber diet may reduce stool bulk but is not a primary intervention for acute diarrhea.
  • Opioid analgesics are contraindicated in children with diarrhea due to risk of bowel obstruction and toxicity.
  • Antibiotic administration is only appropriate when a bacterial cause has been confirmed; most pediatric diarrhea is viral and self-limiting.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC) involves inserting a needle through the skin into the liver to visualize bile ducts, not using endoscopy.
B. Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) uses an endoscope with ultrasound to image structures near the GI tract but does not combine with radiographic imaging of the ducts.
C. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) uses MRI to noninvasively visualize bile and pancreatic ducts, without endoscopy.
D. Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) combines endoscopy with radiographic imaging to examine the bile and pancreatic ducts, allowing both diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces pressure on the abdomen and can help prevent worsening of a hiatal hernia.

B. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent reflux of gastric contents during sleep.

C. Reducing fluids is not recommended; adequate hydration is important.

D. Remaining upright (not lying down) after meals is recommended; lying down for half an hour increases reflux risk.

E. Limiting caffeine, spicy foods, and other reflux-triggering foods helps reduce symptoms associated with hiatal hernia.

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