Which complication is most commonly associated with paracentesis for ascites?
Hemorrhage
Pulmonary embolism
Renal failure
Peritonitis
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. While bleeding is a potential risk of paracentesis, it is less common than infection.
B. This is not a typical complication of paracentesis.
C. Although large-volume paracentesis can occasionally affect kidney perfusion, renal failure is not the most common complication.
D. Infection of the peritoneal cavity (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) is the most common and serious complication associated with paracentesis. Proper aseptic technique is essential to minimize this risk.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This occurs when there is hypoventilation, leading to elevated PaCO2 and decreased pH. In this case, the PaCO2 is low (32 mm Hg) and the pH is high (7.48), so this is not consistent with respiratory acidosis.
B. The high pH (7.48) indicates alkalosis, and the low PaCO2 (32 mm Hg) shows that the alkalosis is caused by excessive exhalation of CO2, characteristic of respiratory alkalosis. The HCO3 is normal, indicating the kidneys have not yet compensated.
C. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and low HCO3. Here, the pH is elevated and HCO3 is normal, so this is not consistent with metabolic acidosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis would present with high pH and elevated HCO3, often due to vomiting or diuretic use. In this scenario, HCO3 is normal, indicating the alkalosis is not metabolic in origin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. After the return of bowel sounds postoperatively, clear liquids (e.g., water, broth, tea, clear juice) are introduced first. This allows the gastrointestinal tract to gradually resume function and ensures the client can tolerate fluids without nausea, vomiting, or distention.
B. A soft diet is introduced later once the client tolerates clear liquids and then full liquids, as it is more complex to digest.
C. A regular diet is not started immediately after surgery; the gut needs gradual reintroduction to food.
D. Full liquids can be given after clear liquids are tolerated, as they are more substantial and include milk-based or blended foods.
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