A nurse is teaching a client about causes of biliary cirrhosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Hepatotoxic medications

Hepatitis C

Excessive alcohol consumption

Obstruction of the bile duct

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Hepatotoxic medications can contribute to liver damage but are not a primary cause of biliary cirrhosis. However, they can contribute to cirrhosis through other mechanisms.
B.   Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver and can lead to cirrhosis, but it is not specifically classified as a cause of biliary cirrhosis.
C.   Excessive alcohol consumption can cause alcoholic liver disease, which may progress to

cirrhosis, but it is not directly related to biliary cirrhosis, which is characterized by damage to the bile ducts.
D. Biliary cirrhosis, also known as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive destruction of the bile ducts in the liver. Obstruction of the bile ducts contributes to the development of biliary cirrhosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Instructing the client to exhale slowly can help relax the pelvic floor muscles, making catheter insertion more comfortable.
B. Contracting the pelvic muscles (bearing down) would be counterproductive as it could cause resistance and make catheter insertion more difficult.
C. Bearing down (pushing) should be avoided as it can increase resistance and make catheter insertion more challenging.
D. Taking a sip of water is not typically necessary or indicated during urinary catheter insertion.

It is more important for the client to focus on relaxation techniques such as slow exhalation to aid in catheter insertion.

A. Stop the infusion and measure the circumference of both upper arms. B. Apply a cold pack to the client's upper arm. C. Remove the PICC line. D. Notify the provider who inserted the PICC line.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Stopping the infusion and measuring the circumference of both upper arms will help determine if the edema is localized to the arm with the PICC line or if it is bilateral. This assessment will guide further actions.

Applying a cold pack may provide temporary relief for discomfort but does not address the underlying cause of the edema and may not be the most appropriate initial action.

Removing the PICC line should be considered if there are signs of complications such as infection or phlebitis, but it is not the first action to take in response to edema above the insertion site.

Notifying the provider who inserted the PICC line is important, but it should not delay immediate assessment and intervention to address the edema and potential complications.

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A nurse is teaching a client about causes of biliary cirrhosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is ready to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client as the catheter is inserted?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition via a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). When assessing the client, the nurse notes edema of the client's arm above the PICC insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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