What is the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?
Loss of insulin receptors on the target cell, resulting in insulin resistance
Overproduction of insulin from the beta cells of the pancreas
A pituitary tumor in the brain, resulting in increased antidiuretic hormone production
Destruction of the beta cells within the pancreas, resulting in an inability to produce insulin
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Loss of insulin receptors on the target cell, resulting in insulin resistance, is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus, not type 15.
Choice B rationale
Overproduction of insulin from the beta cells of the pancreas is not a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus. In fact, type 1 diabetes involves a lack of insulin due to the destruction of beta cells.
Choice C rationale
A pituitary tumor in the brain, resulting in increased antidiuretic hormone production, is not related to the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Choice D rationale
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is indeed caused by the destruction of the beta cells within the pancreas, which results in an inability to produce insulin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Its primary function is to regulate calcium levels in the body, not blood glucose.
Choice B rationale
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. It allows cells in the body to take in glucose and use it for energy. However, insulin actually lowers blood glucose levels rather than increasing them.
Choice C rationale
Glucagon is a hormone also produced by the pancreas. It works to raise blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream.
Choice D rationale
Parathyroid hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands. Its main role is to control calcium levels in the body, not to regulate blood glucose.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Urethrocele refers to the prolapse of the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. It does not refer to the prolapse of the bladder.
Choice B rationale
Rectocele refers to the prolapse of the rectum into the vagina. It does not refer to the prolapse of the bladder.
Choice C rationale
Uterine prolapse refers to the descent of the uterus into the vagina. It does not refer to the prolapse of the bladder.
Choice D rationale
Cystocele, also known as a prolapsed bladder, is the term for when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina.
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