What are the clinical manifestations of Cushing syndrome? (select all that apply)
Hyperkalemia
Thin skin that bruises easily
Round, “moon face” appearance
Weight loss
Fatty pad between the shoulders .
Correct Answer : B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Hyperkalemia, or high levels of potassium in the blood, is not a clinical manifestation of Cushing syndrome.
Choice B rationale
Thin skin that bruises easily is indeed a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. The condition causes the skin to become thin and fragile, leading to easy bruising.
Choice C rationale
A round, “moon face” appearance is another common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is caused by the redistribution of fat to certain areas of the body, including the face.
Choice D rationale
Weight loss is not typically associated with Cushing syndrome. In fact, weight gain, particularly in the trunk of the body, is a more common symptom.
Choice E rationale
A fatty pad between the shoulders, often referred to as a “buffalo hump,” is a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is also due to the redistribution of fat in the body.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The pituitary hormones releasing antidiuretic hormone in response to hypothyroid signaling, resulting in extensive diuresis, is not a known complication of myxedema. Myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by an underactive thyroid, not an overactive pituitary gland.
Choice B rationale
Myxedema coma, a rare but life-threatening complication of myxedema, can indeed be triggered by illness or trauma, leading to an exaggeration of hypothyroid symptoms. This can include severe hypotension, seizures, and/or coma. This condition is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.
Choice C rationale
Over secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH) leading to increased excretion of T3 and T4 with dangerous cardiac symptoms is not associated with myxedema. Instead, this scenario is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by an overactive thyroid, not an underactive one.
Choice D rationale
The heart not allowing proper flow of fluid throughout the body due to elevated levels of circulating thyroid hormone is not a characteristic of myxedema. In myxedema, the levels of thyroid hormones are low, not high.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pain during or after intercourse is a common symptom of endometriosis. The misplaced endometrial-like tissue can cause irritation and inflammation, leading to pain during or after sexual activity.
Choice B rationale
Pelvic pain is a primary symptom of endometriosis. The growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, particularly on structures within the pelvis, can lead to chronic pelvic pain. This pain may be cyclical (worsening around the menstrual period) or constant.
Choice C rationale
Urinary tract infection is not a direct clinical manifestation of endometriosis. While endometriosis can involve the urinary tract structures and cause urinary symptoms, it does not cause infections. Urinary tract infections are typically caused by bacteria, not by the presence of endometrial-like tissue.
Choice D rationale
Infertility is a potential complication of endometriosis. The presence of endometrial-like tissue can interfere with the normal function of the reproductive organs, leading to difficulties in achieving pregnancy. Approximately 30-50% of women with endometriosis may experience infertility.
Choice E rationale
Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstrual periods, is a common symptom of endometriosis. The pain is often described as far worse than typical menstrual cramps and may become more severe over time.
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