The client presents with dull, achy flank pain, and a palpable mass in the costovertebral angle.
Based on these symptoms, the nurse suspects which of the following conditions?
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Gout
Renal calculi
Renal cell carcinoma
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
While a urinary tract infection (UTI) can cause discomfort and pain, it typically does not cause a palpable mass in the costovertebral angle.
Choice B rationale
Gout is a form of arthritis that causes severe pain and swelling in the joints, not typically in the costovertebral angle.
Choice C rationale
Renal calculi, or kidney stones, can cause severe pain, but they do not typically cause a palpable mass in the costovertebral angle.
Choice D rationale
Renal cell carcinoma, a type of kidney cancer, can cause a palpable mass in the costovertebral angle. This is because the tumor can grow large enough to be felt through the skin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B rationale
Esophageal atresia is a congenital defect resulting in an incomplete formation of the esophagus, often leading to feeding difficulties and aspiration (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice A rationale
A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus, causing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (Healthline, 2022).
Choice C rationale
Pyloric stenosis refers to a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, resulting in difficulty emptying stomach contents (nih.gov, n.d.).
Choice D rationale
Cleft palate involves an incomplete formation of the palate, causing issues with feeding and speech development (nih.gov, n.d.).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Stress incontinence is indeed due to physical stress on the bladder, while urge incontinence is due to an overactive bladder. Stress incontinence occurs when the urethral sphincter or pelvic floor muscles are weakened. This can happen due to various reasons such as childbirth, obesity, or prostate surgery. The term “stress” refers to the physical strain associated with leakage. On the other hand, urge incontinence is defined as a sudden involuntary contraction of the muscular wall of the bladder causing urinary urgency, an immediate unstoppable urge to urinate. This is often caused by an overactive bladder.
Choice B rationale
This statement is incorrect. Stress incontinence is not due to an overactive bladder, and urge incontinence is not due to physical stress on the bladder.
Choice C rationale
This statement is also incorrect. While neurological damage can potentially lead to various types of incontinence, it is not the primary cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is primarily due to physical stress on the bladder.
Choice D rationale
This statement is incorrect. While neurological damage can potentially lead to urge incontinence, it is not the primary cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is primarily due to physical stress on the bladder.
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