What is perinatal injury?

Injury sustained to the perineum during birth

Traumatic injury to the mother during pregnancy

Traumatic injury to a fetus

Injury sustained surrounding birth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Injury sustained to the perineum during birth is not a perinatal injury, but a perineal injury. The perineum is the area between the anus and the genitals, and it can be torn or cut during vaginal delivery. This is a common complication that affects the mother, not the fetus or newborn.

Choice B reason:

Traumatic injury to the mother during pregnancy is not a perinatal injury, but a maternal injury. This can occur due to accidents, violence, or complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia or placental abruption. This can affect the mother's health and well-being, and may also have consequences for the fetus or newborn.

Choice C reason:

Traumatic injury to a fetus is not a perinatal injury, but a fetal injury. This can occur due to external forces such as blunt trauma, penetrating trauma, or radiation exposure that affect the fetus in utero. This can cause fetal distress, bleeding, fractures, or organ damage.

Choice D reason:

Injury sustained surrounding birth is a perinatal injury. This occurs in the period shortly before, during, or after delivery. This can be a critical time when the baby has to transition from surviving off oxygen, blood, and nutrients from the mother to separating from the womb and breathing oxygen from the air. Perinatal injuries can include head injuries, nerve injuries, hemorrhages, fractures, or soft-tissue injuries that result from the forces of labor and delivery or medical interventions such as forceps or vacuum extraction. Perinatal injuries can lead to long-term neurodevelopmental challenges for the newborn.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is because prednisolone can cause insomnia if taken later in the day, and it mimics the natural secretion of cortisol by the adrenal glands, which peaks in the morning.

Choice A is wrong because splitting the dose into two equal doses can increase the risk of adrenal suppression and reduce the efficacy of alternate-day therapy (ADT), which is used to minimize adverse effects of corticosteroids.

Choice B is wrong because taking prednisolone before bedtime can interfere with sleep and cause nocturnal cortisol secretion, which can lead to Cushing syndrome.

Choice C is wrong because taking prednisolone 1 hour before meals can cause gastric irritation and ulceration, and it is recommended to take it with food or milk.

A. The need to monitor for systemic side effects. B. The need to use the dry form of Metamucil to prevent cramping. C. The importance of consuming adequate amounts of water. D. The onset of action of 30 to 60 minutes after administration.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Metamucil Psyllium Fiber Supplement Sugar-Free Orange Smooth Powder - Shop Medicines & Treatments at H-E-B

The correct answer is c. The importance of consuming adequate amounts of water.

Rationale for Choice A:

Statement:The need to monitor for systemic side effects.
Rationale:It's not accurate to prioritize monitoring for systemic side effects when teaching a patient about psyllium (Metamucil).Psyllium is a bulk-forming laxative that primarily acts within the gastrointestinal tract,and systemic side effects are rare.While it's essential to be aware of potential side effects,focusing on them during initial teaching might cause unnecessary anxiety.

Rationale for Choice B:

Statement:The need to use the dry form of Metamucil to prevent cramping.
Rationale:This statement is incorrect.It's generally recommended to mix psyllium with water or another liquid before ingestion.Consuming the dry form can increase the risk of choking and might not adequately hydrate stool.

Rationale for Choice C:

Statement:The importance of consuming adequate amounts of water.
Rationale:This is the most crucial information to emphasize when teaching about psyllium.Psyllium works by absorbing water and forming a bulky gel that softens stool and promotes bowel movements.Without sufficient water intake,psyllium can cause constipation to worsen or lead to intestinal obstruction.

Rationale for Choice D:

Statement:The onset of action of 30 to 60 minutes after administration.
Rationale:This statement is inaccurate.Psyllium is not a fast-acting laxative.It typically takes 12-72 hours to produce a bowel movement.Informing patients about the expected time frame for results is essential to manage expectations and prevent unnecessary medication overuse.

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What is perinatal injury?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The home health nurse provides client teaching to a client who is taking oral prednisolone. The nurse provides what instruction to the client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is instructing a patient who will take psyllium (Metamucil) to treat constipation. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has an important presentation to make in 4 hours, and he needs relief from the congestion of seasonal rhinitis. The client calls the nurse, explains the situation, and tells the nurse that he cannot afford to be drowsy. What medication is most likely to meet this client’s needs?

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What statement by a client who is to take an antitussive with codeine indicates that the nurse’s teaching has been effective?

A college student with migraine headaches that cause nausea and vomiting has been prescribed trimethobenzamide. The nurse should caution the student to avoid using which substance?

For which client would the use of a phenothiazine most likely be contraindicated?

The client is 34 years old and has recently started taking theophylline. The nurse knows that medication teaching has been successful when the client agrees to what activity?

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