The client, newly diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, asks what caused this disorder.
What is the nurse’s best response?

Inability of oxygen to diffuse to tissues in the eye.

Loss of innervation throughout the eye.

Inability of cells in the eye to reproduce.

Increase of aqueous humor in the eye.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Oxygen cannot diffuse rapidly across the membrane to tissues in the eye. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This damage can reduce the oxygen supply to the retina and lead to vision problems.

Choice A is wrong because cells in the eye can reproduce normally, but they may not function properly due to high blood sugar levels or lack of oxygen.

Choice B is wrong because diabetic retinopathy does not affect the production of aqueous humor, which is the fluid that fills the front part of the eye.

However, diabetes can cause another eye condition called glaucoma, which is caused by increased pressure from too much aqueous humor.

Choice C is wrong because diabetic retinopathy does not affect the nerve innervations throughout the eye.

However, diabetes can cause another eye condition called diabetic neuropathy, which is caused by damage to the nerves that control eye movement and pupil dilation.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is because hypothyroidism can reduce the metabolism and clearance of theophylline, leading to higher serum levels and increased risk of toxicity. Therefore, when the thyroid function is restored by levothyroxine or liothyronine, the dose of theophylline may need to be lowered to avoid excessive effects.

Choice A is wrong because decreasing theophylline dosage immediately may result in suboptimal control of asthma symptoms.

The dose adjustment should be based on serum theophylline levels and clinical response.

Choice C is wrong because discontinuing the client’s theophylline may cause worsening of asthma and potentially life-threatening complications.

Theophylline is an important bronchodilator that should not be stopped abruptly without medical supervision.

Choice D is wrong because increasing theophylline dosage immediately may cause overdose and adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, headache, tachycardia, arrhythmias, seizures and even death.

The dose of theophylline should be carefully titrated according to serum levels and clinical response.

A. Abdominal pain. B. Tinnitus. C. Alteration in consciousness. D. Changes in vision.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Octreotide is a synthetic analog of somatostatin, a hormone that inhibits the secretion of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, and other hormones. Octreotide can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. These side effects are more common and severe with the oral route than with the injectable route.

Choice B is wrong because tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is not a common or serious side effect of octreotide.

Choice C is wrong because alteration in consciousness is not a common or serious side effect of octreotide.

However, octreotide can affect blood glucose levels and cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, which can lead to confusion, dizziness, fainting, seizures, or coma in severe cases.

Choice D is wrong because changes in vision are not a common or serious side effect of octreotide.

However, octreotide can cause rare but serious eye problems such as blurred vision, double vision, eye pain, or blindness due to optic nerve damage or retinal detachment.

These eye problems require immediate medical attention.

Normal ranges for blood glucose are 70 to 100 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.6 mmol/L) for fasting and less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) for postprandial.

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The client, newly diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, asks what caused this disorder. What is the nurse’s best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The client also takes theophylline to control asthma symptoms. What change may need to be made to the client’s theophylline dose?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When providing health education to a client taking octreotide, the nurse should warn the client about the possibility of what potential adverse effect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse teaches the client to best promote optimal GI function by including what in the daily routine?

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The nurse administers metoclopramide to the client with what condition?

The nurse is caring for a client with renal dysfunction who requires an oral antidiabetic agent. What drug will the nurse expect to see ordered?

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A nurse is providing client education to a client who has had corticosteroids prescribed. What drug should the nurse teach the client to avoid while taking the corticosteroids?

The nurse is caring for a client who has begun vomiting. The nurse is aware that which part of the client’s brain has been stimulated?

The client, newly diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, asks what caused this disorder.
What is the nurse’s best response?