The client, newly diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, asks what caused this disorder.
What is the nurse’s best response?
Inability of oxygen to diffuse to tissues in the eye.
Loss of innervation throughout the eye.
Inability of cells in the eye to reproduce.
Increase of aqueous humor in the eye.
The Correct Answer is D
Oxygen cannot diffuse rapidly across the membrane to tissues in the eye. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This damage can reduce the oxygen supply to the retina and lead to vision problems.
Choice A is wrong because cells in the eye can reproduce normally, but they may not function properly due to high blood sugar levels or lack of oxygen.
Choice B is wrong because diabetic retinopathy does not affect the production of aqueous humor, which is the fluid that fills the front part of the eye.
However, diabetes can cause another eye condition called glaucoma, which is caused by increased pressure from too much aqueous humor.
Choice C is wrong because diabetic retinopathy does not affect the nerve innervations throughout the eye.
However, diabetes can cause another eye condition called diabetic neuropathy, which is caused by damage to the nerves that control eye movement and pupil dilation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because somatropin is a growth hormone that can cause slipped capital femoral epiphysis, a condition where the head of the femur slips off the neck of the bone and causes severe pain and disability. The prescriber should be notified immediately if this occurs.
Choice B is wrong because upper respiratory infection lasting more than 6 days is not a serious adverse effect of somatropin and does not require immediate attention from the prescriber.
Choice C is wrong because dry skin accompanied by pruritus is not a common or serious side effect of somatropin and may be due to other causes.
Choice D is wrong because nosebleeds are not a common or serious side effect of somatropin and may be due to other causes.
Normal ranges for growth hormone levels are 0.4 to 10 ng/mL for males and 1 to 14 ng/mL for females.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The CTZ has to be stimulated in order for vomiting to occur. The CTZ is located in the area postrema of the medulla oblongata and receives input from various sources, such as the blood, the vestibular system, and the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice A is wrong because the limbic system involves emotion, not vomiting or other forms of GI function.
Choice B is wrong because the hypothalamus regulates various functions such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms, but not vomiting.
Choice D is wrong because the medulla oblongata is responsible for autonomic functioning such as ventilation, cardiac conduction, and vomiting, but it is not the site of stimulation for vomiting.
The medulla oblongata contains the vomiting center, which receives signals from the CTZ and other sources and initiates the act of vomiting.
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