What are the signs and symptoms of Thalassemia? Select all that apply.
Slow growth.
Fatigue.
Hematoma.
Pruritus.
Correct Answer : A,B
Choice A reason:
Slow growth is a common symptom of thalassemia, especially in children. It is caused by the reduced production of hemoglobin and red blood cells, which leads to anemia and poor oxygen delivery to the tissues. Slow growth can also affect the development of facial bones and cause deformities.
Choice B reason:
Fatigue is another common symptom of thalassemia, also related to anemia and low oxygen levels in the body. People with thalassemia may feel tired, weak, and short of breath even after mild physical activity. Fatigue can also affect their mood, concentration, and quality of life.
Choice C reason:
Hematoma is not a typical symptom of thalassemia. Hematoma is a collection of blood under the skin or in an organ, usually caused by trauma, injury, or bleeding disorders. People with thalassemia may have a higher risk of bleeding due to low platelet counts or frequent blood transfusions, but this does not necessarily result in hematoma.
Choice D reason:
Pruritus is not a typical symptom of thalassemia. Pruritus is a sensation of itching that can affect any part of the body. It can have many causes, such as dry skin, allergies, infections, or liver problems. People with thalassemia may experience pruritus as a side effect of iron overload or iron chelation therapy, but it is not a direct consequence of the condition.
Choice E reason:
Ecchymoses are not typical symptoms of thalassemia. Ecchymoses are large bruises that appear on the skin due to bleeding under the surface. They can be caused by trauma, injury, or bleeding disorders. People with thalassemia may have a higher risk of bleeding due to low platelet counts or frequent blood transfusions, but this does not necessarily result in ecchymoses.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Tremors are not a sign of hyperbilirubinemia, but they may indicate other problems such as hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, or seizures. Tremors are involuntary muscle movements that can affect different parts of the body.
Choice B reason:
Newborn rash, also known as erythema toxicum, is a common and harmless skin condition that affects many newborns. It causes red spots with white or yellow centers on the face, chest, back, or limbs. It is not related to hyperbilirubinemia or liver function.
Choice C reason:
Cephalohematoma is a collection of blood under the scalp that occurs due to trauma during delivery. It can increase the risk of hyperbilirubinemia because the breakdown of red blood cells in the hematoma releases bilirubin into the bloodstream. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is normally processed by the liver and excreted in stool and urine. If the liver is overwhelmed by the amount of bilirubin, it can cause jaundice, which is yellowing of the skin and eyes.
Choice D reason:
Acrocyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the hands and feet that occurs in some newborns due to poor circulation. It is usually a normal and transient phenomenon that does not indicate any serious problem. It is not a sign of hyperbilirubinemia or liver dysfunction.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A:
Two arteries and two veins. This is incorrect because the umbilical cord normally has only three blood vessels: one vein and two arteries. Having four blood vessels is a rare anomaly that can be associated with congenital defects. •
Choice B:
Two veins and one artery. This is incorrect because the umbilical cord normally has only one vein and two arteries. Having two veins and one artery is another rare anomaly that can also be associated with congenital defects. •
Choice C:
One artery and one vein. This is incorrect because the umbilical cord normally has two arteries and one vein. Having only one artery and one vein is a common anomaly that occurs in about 1% of singleton pregnancies and 5% of twin pregnancies. It can be associated with intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal mortality. •
Choice D:
Two arteries and one vein. This is correct because the umbilical cord normally has two arteries and one vein. The vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus, while the arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. The umbilical cord also contains Wharton's jelly, which is a gelatinous substance that protects the blood vessels from compression.
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