What are the possible physiological changes in the brain of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)

Brain atrophy

Overabundance of plaques (amyloid beta)

Overabundance of tangles (tau protein)

Enlargement of the hippocampus

Enlarged cerebral cortex

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A.   Brain atrophy is a common physiological change in the brain of individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
B.   An overabundance of plaques, specifically amyloid beta, is a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease.
C.   An overabundance of tangles, specifically tau protein, is also a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease.
D.   Enlargement of the hippocampus is not typically associated with Alzheimer's disease; rather, it tends to shrink.

E.   Enlarged cerebral cortex is not a typical physiological change in Alzheimer's disease; it actually tends to shrink.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct. Ecstasy, also known as MDMA (3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine), belongs to the hallucinogen class of drugs. It produces altered perceptions and sensations.

B) Incorrect. Hypnotics are drugs that promote sleep.
C) Incorrect. Opioids are a class of drugs that include substances like heroin and prescription pain medications.

D) Incorrect. Sedatives are drugs that calm or soothe and can also induce sleep.

A. Encourage descriptions of perceived failures B. Set limits on manipulative behaviors C. Provide activities that can be accomplished D. Teach aggressive communication skills

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Encouraging descriptions of perceived failures may further exacerbate the client's poor self- esteem and is not a therapeutic intervention.
B. While setting limits is important in managing behavior, it may not directly address the underlying issue of poor self-esteem.
C. Providing activities that can be accomplished can help boost the client's confidence and self- esteem.
D. Teaching aggressive communication skills is not appropriate and may contribute to further negative self-perception.

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What are the possible physiological changes in the brain of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted to the emergency department after using ecstasy. The nurse identifies this drug as belonging to what class?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with poor self-esteem. What intervention would be important for the nurse to include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital for alcohol intoxication. The family reports that he is a heavy drinker and has been admitted several times for alcohol detoxification. When can the nurse expect to observe the first symptoms of withdrawal?

The nurse receives report on a male client diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder and is informed that the client's verbal communication includes "circumstantiality." What intervention is most therapeutic when caring for this client?

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is experiencing delusions of persecution. How would the client express feeling persecuted?

A client with chronic alcoholism has been found to have Wernicke encephalopathy. What is this irreversible complication characterized by?

When a client diagnosed with schizophrenia was discharged 6 months ago, haloperidol was prescribed. The client now says, "I stopped taking those pills. They made me feel like a robot." What are common side effects the nurse should validate with the client?

What intervention is a priority when the client is experiencing auditory hallucinations?

An 80 year-old client, together with his daughter, arrived at the medical surgical unit for diagnostic confirmation and management of probable delirium. Which statement by the client's daughter best supports the diagnosis?