What are the possible physiological changes in the brain of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)

Brain atrophy

Overabundance of plaques (amyloid beta)

Overabundance of tangles (tau protein)

Enlargement of the hippocampus

Enlarged cerebral cortex

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A.   Brain atrophy is a common physiological change in the brain of individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
B.   An overabundance of plaques, specifically amyloid beta, is a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease.
C.   An overabundance of tangles, specifically tau protein, is also a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease.
D.   Enlargement of the hippocampus is not typically associated with Alzheimer's disease; rather, it tends to shrink.

E.   Enlarged cerebral cortex is not a typical physiological change in Alzheimer's disease; it actually tends to shrink.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This statement may cause unnecessary distress to the client and is not necessarily true in this situation.
B. While the confusion may be temporary, this statement may not provide enough reassurance or information.
C. This statement may not be accurate or helpful in addressing the client's concerns about confusion.
D. This statement provides reassurance and offers a positive outlook, indicating that the confusion is likely to improve as the client's condition gets better.

A. "I have not drunk anything in the last day." B. "I can't worry about that problem right now." C. "I have to drink to relax to come to day treatment." D. "Why does it matter to you if I drink?"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. This statement is a straightforward denial rather than rationalization.
B) Incorrect. This response is an example of avoidance or distraction, not rationalization.
C) Correct. Rationalization involves offering logical or reasonable explanations to justify behaviors or actions that might otherwise be unacceptable. In this case, the client is rationalizing her alcohol consumption as a means to relax and cope with the day treatment.

D) Incorrect. This statement reflects a defensive response but is not an example of rationalization.

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What are the possible physiological changes in the brain of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement made by the nurse would be most appropriate to an elderly client who is confused, has no history of dementia and is hospitalized for an acute urinary tract infection?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female client staggers to day treatment smelling strongly of alcohol. She uses the defense mechanism "rationalization" when approached by the nurse and questioned about her recent alcohol consumption. How is this expressed?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia following a recent suicide attempt. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse receives report on a male client diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder and is informed that the client's verbal communication includes "circumstantiality." What intervention is most therapeutic when caring for this client?

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