Vasoconstriction, sodium retention, and water reabsorption to increase circulating fluid volume and cardiac output are the primary functions of:
Stroke Volume
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System (RAAS)
Brain and Atrial natriuretic peptides (BNP & ANP)
Erythropoietin
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Stroke Volume refers to the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction, not to the regulation of fluid volume and cardiac output.
Choice B reason: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System (RAAS) is responsible for vasoconstriction, sodium retention, and water reabsorption, which helps to increase circulating fluid volume and cardiac output.
Choice C reason: Brain and Atrial natriuretic peptides (BNP & ANP) actually work to decrease blood volume and pressure, not increase them.
Choice D reason: Erythropoietin primarily stimulates red blood cell production and does not directly affect fluid volume or cardiac output.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking several deep breaths is not specifically related to the preparation for a renal system physical assessment. Deep breaths are more commonly associated with lung examination or to help the patient relax.
Choice B reason: Drinking several glasses of water before a renal assessment could potentially fill the bladder, which might interfere with palpation of the kidneys and make it uncomfortable for the patient.
Choice C reason: Emptying the bladder is the correct action before a renal system physical assessment. It allows for better palpation of the kidneys and other structures without the discomfort of a full bladder. It also prevents the possibility of the patient urinating involuntarily during the examination due to a full bladder.
Choice D reason: Providing a urine sample might be part of the overall renal assessment, but it is not necessary to do so immediately before the physical examination of the renal system. The sample can be collected at any time before or after the physical examination.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: While painful and red-tinged urination is a concern, it is not directly related to the intravenous pyelogram procedure.
Choice B reason: The end of the menstrual period is not relevant to the intravenous pyelogram procedure.
Choice C reason: Drinking fluids is generally encouraged but does not need to be reported unless it is restricted before the procedure.
Choice D reason: The client's allergy to shellfish is important to report because the contrast dye used in an intravenous pyelogram may contain iodine, which can cause a reaction in people with shellfish allergies.
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