Which of the following indicate to the nurse that lactulose is effective for an older adult who has advanced liver cirrhosis?
The client has at least one stool per day.
The client denies nausea and vomiting (N/V).
The client's bilirubin level decreases.
The client is alert and oriented (A&Ox4).
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While having at least one stool per day is a sign that lactulose is working, it does not directly indicate its effectiveness in reducing ammonia levels and improving mental status.
Choice B reason: Denial of nausea and vomiting is positive but is not a direct indicator of lactulose's effectiveness in treating hepatic encephalopathy.
Choice C reason: A decrease in bilirubin levels may be a positive sign, but it is not a direct indicator of lactulose's effectiveness in treating hepatic encephalopathy.
Choice D reason: The client being alert and oriented is a direct indicator that lactulose is effectively reducing ammonia levels and improving mental status, which is a key goal in treating hepatic encephalopathy associated with liver cirrhosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dumping syndrome is not commonly associated with dysphagia post-stroke.
Choice B reason: Aspiration is a significant risk for patients with dysphagia following a stroke and should be closely monitored to prevent complications like aspiration pneumonia.
Choice C reason: Gastroesophageal reflux disease may occur but is not the most immediate concern for stroke patients with dysphagia.
Choice D reason: Peptic ulcer disease is not directly related to dysphagia and is less likely to be an immediate complication post-stroke.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fluid volume status affects preload, not afterload.
Choice B reason: Atrial contraction contributes to filling of the ventricles, not to afterload.
Choice C reason: Afterload is the resistance left ventricular must overcome to circulate blood, which is accurately described as resistance to blood flow.
Choice D reason: Myocardial compliance refers to the elasticity of the heart muscle, which affects how the heart fills, not the resistance it must overcome to eject blood.
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