A nurse is providing an educational session to colleagues on the unit regarding COPD. Which of the following options would the nurse provide regarding associated risks of COPD?

Weight loss

Poor nutrition

Muscle dysfunction

Increased risk for pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A Reason:

Weight loss is inappropriate. Weight loss can occur in individuals with COPD, particularly in advanced stages of the disease. Factors contributing to weight loss may include decreased appetite, increased energy expenditure due to labored breathing, and muscle wasting.

Choice B Reason:

Poor nutrition is inappropriate. Poor nutrition is a significant risk factor in COPD. Individuals with COPD may experience difficulties with eating due to dyspnea, fatigue, and reduced appetite. Malnutrition can lead to muscle weakness, decreased immune function, and worsened respiratory status.

Choice C Reason:

Muscle dysfunction is inappropriate: Muscle dysfunction, particularly skeletal muscle dysfunction, is common in COPD. Reduced physical activity, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic abnormalities contribute to muscle wasting and weakness in individuals with COPD.

Choice D Reason

.Increased risk for pneumonia is incorrect. Individuals with COPD are at an increased risk for respiratory infections, including pneumonia. COPD-related factors such as impaired mucociliary clearance, airway inflammation, and reduced lung function predispose patients to respiratory infections.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is inappropriate.COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation. While COPD does not directly cause spinal stenosis, some individuals with COPD may have comorbidities or risk factors, such as osteoporosis or degenerative changes in the spine, which can contribute to spinal stenosis.

Choice B Reason:

Laminectomy is appropriate. A laminectomy is a surgical procedure used to decompress the spinal cord or nerves by removing the lamina (back part of the vertebra). While a laminectomy can be a treatment option for spinal stenosis, it is not a risk factor for developing the condition.

Choice C Reason:

Hysterectomy is inappropriate. Hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, is not directly associated with spinal stenosis. However, certain conditions or factors leading to a hysterectomy, such as pelvic tumors or endometriosis, may indirectly contribute to spinal stenosis if they cause changes in the spine or affect posture.

Choice D Reason:

Hyperthyroidism is appropriate. Hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones, is not a known risk factor for spinal stenosis.

A. Bladder spasms B. Hypotension C. Delayed wound healing D. Hirsutism E. Hyperglycemia

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Bladder spasms are not commonly reported as adverse effects of methylprednisolone. However, bladder dysfunction can occur in individuals with multiple sclerosis due to the disease process itself, but it is not specifically related to corticosteroid therapy.

Choice B Reason:

Hypotension is not a common adverse effect of methylprednisolone. In fact, corticosteroids can often lead to fluid retention and sodium retention, which can contribute to hypertension rather than hypotension.

Choice C Reason:

Delayed wound healing is correct. Corticosteroids can impair the body's ability to heal wounds by suppressing the inflammatory response and collagen synthesis. Therefore, clients receiving methylprednisolone may experience delayed wound healing, which can be problematic, especially in individuals with pre-existing wounds or undergoing surgical procedures.

Choice D Reason:

Hirsutism (excessive hair growth, especially in women) can occur with long-term corticosteroid use due to the effect of steroids on hair follicles. It is a possible adverse effect of methylprednisolone.

Choice E Reason:

Hyperglycemia is correct. Corticosteroids can increase blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis, reducing glucose uptake by tissues, and inducing insulin resistance. Clients receiving methylprednisolone may develop hyperglycemia, which can be particularly concerning for individuals with diabetes or those at risk of developing diabetes.

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A nurse is providing an educational session to colleagues on the unit regarding COPD. Which of the following options would the nurse provide regarding associated risks of COPD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has spinal stenosis. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for spinal stenosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is receiving methylprednisolone. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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