Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99%

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94%

Lower energy expenditure

Increased lung capacity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99% is inappropriate. A pneumothorax involves the presence of air in the pleural space, which can compromise lung function and gas exchange. This compromised lung function typically leads to decreased oxygenation of the blood, resulting in lower oxygen saturations rather than higher saturations.

Choice B Reason:

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94% is appropriate. A pneumothorax disrupts the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs due to partial or complete lung collapse. As a result, the affected lung is unable to adequately oxygenate the blood, leading to lower oxygen saturations, which are indicative of hypoxemia.

Choice C Reason:

Lower energy expenditure is inappropriate. Energy expenditure is not typically affected by a pneumothorax. While the discomfort and respiratory distress associated with a pneumothorax may cause the individual to limit physical activity, there is no direct impact on overall energy expenditure.

Choice D Reason:

Increased lung capacity is inappropriate. A pneumothorax results in partial or complete collapse of the affected lung, reducing lung capacity rather than increasing it. The presence of air in the pleural space creates positive pressure, which can compress the lung and decrease its ability to expand fully during inhalation.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Light sensitivity is incorrect. Light sensitivity (photophobia) is not typically a direct manifestation of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. However, it may occur as a secondary symptom due to other neurological disturbances or increased intracranial pressure.

Choice B Reason:

Loss of consciousness is correct. Loss of consciousness is a common manifestation of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, particularly if the bleeding leads to significant brain injury or compression of vital brain structures.

Choice C Reason:

A dilated pupil is correct. A dilated pupil (mydriasis) may occur as a result of compression of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) by the expanding hematoma or increased intracranial pressure following a ruptured cerebral aneurysm.

Choice D Reason:

Visual disturbances is correct. Visual disturbances, such as blurred vision, double vision (diplopia), or loss of vision, may occur due to compression of the optic nerve or damage to visual pathways as a result of the hemorrhage.

Choice E Reason:

Nausea and vomiting is correct. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms associated with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, often due to irritation of the meninges and increased intracranial pressure resulting from the bleeding.

Choice F Reason:

Numbness on one side of the face is incorrect. Numbness on one side of the face is not typically a direct manifestation of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. However, it may occur if the hemorrhage affects specific regions of the brain responsible for sensation or if there is associated compression of cranial nerves.

A. COPD B. Sarcoidosis C. Lung cancer D. Cystic fibrosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

COPD is a chronic lung condition characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. Individuals with COPD often have underlying structural lung changes, such as emphysematous bullae or blebs. These areas of weakened lung tissue are prone to rupture, leading to the development of pneumothorax. Additionally, the chronic inflammation and damage to the airways and lung parenchyma in COPD contribute to the development of pneumothorax.

Choice B Reason:

Sarcoidosis is incorrect. Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease that primarily affects the lungs and lymph nodes. While it can cause lung damage and lead to pneumothorax, it is less common than COPD as a comorbidity associated with SSP.

Choice C Reason:

Lung cancer is incorrect. Lung cancer can lead to pneumothorax, especially if the tumor erodes into the pleural space. However, SSP is more commonly associated with underlying lung diseases like COPD rather than lung cancer.

Choice D Reason:

Cystic fibrosis is incorrect. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal mucus production and impaired clearance in various organs, including the lungs. While individuals with cystic fibrosis are at increased risk of pneumothorax due to underlying lung disease, SSP is less commonly seen in this population compared to COPD.

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Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a cerebral aneurysm. In the event of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, which of the following manifestations would be present in the client? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Which of the following is the most common comorbidity of a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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