Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99%

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94%

Lower energy expenditure

Increased lung capacity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Higher oxygen saturations of 98% to 99% is inappropriate. A pneumothorax involves the presence of air in the pleural space, which can compromise lung function and gas exchange. This compromised lung function typically leads to decreased oxygenation of the blood, resulting in lower oxygen saturations rather than higher saturations.

Choice B Reason:

Lower oxygen saturations of 93% to 94% is appropriate. A pneumothorax disrupts the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs due to partial or complete lung collapse. As a result, the affected lung is unable to adequately oxygenate the blood, leading to lower oxygen saturations, which are indicative of hypoxemia.

Choice C Reason:

Lower energy expenditure is inappropriate. Energy expenditure is not typically affected by a pneumothorax. While the discomfort and respiratory distress associated with a pneumothorax may cause the individual to limit physical activity, there is no direct impact on overall energy expenditure.

Choice D Reason:

Increased lung capacity is inappropriate. A pneumothorax results in partial or complete collapse of the affected lung, reducing lung capacity rather than increasing it. The presence of air in the pleural space creates positive pressure, which can compress the lung and decrease its ability to expand fully during inhalation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Hypertension is correct. This is a modifiable risk factor for stroke. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, significantly increases the risk of stroke. Treating and controlling hypertension through lifestyle changes and medication can help reduce the risk of stroke.

Choice B Reason:

Client's age is incorrect. While age itself is not modifiable, age is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke. Risk of stroke increases with age, particularly in individuals over 55 years old. However, other modifiable risk factors can be addressed to reduce overall risk.

Choice C Reason:

History of sickle cell disease is incorrect. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells. While sickle cell disease increases the risk of certain complications, such as stroke in children, it is not a modifiable risk factor in the traditional sense.

Choice D Reason:

Parent who has cardiovascular disease is incorrect. While having a parent with cardiovascular disease may indicate a genetic predisposition to certain risk factors, it is not a direct modifiable risk factor for stroke. However, individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease may have increased awareness and motivation to address modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and diabetes.

A. "Antibiotics are seldom prescribed." B. "Maybe you can borrow some money to get the medicine." C. "Your health care provider may be able to give you free samples." D. "Where did your money go this month?"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

"Antibiotics are seldom prescribed," is not an appropriate response as it does not address the client's concern about the cost of medication and may also be inaccurate depending on the specific diagnosis and treatment plan.

Choice B Reason:

"Maybe you can borrow some money to get the medicine," may not be feasible for the client and can also be perceived as insensitive or dismissive of their financial situation.

Choice C Reason:

"Your health care provider may be able to give you free samples. “offers a compassionate and practical solution to the client's concern about the cost of medication. Many healthcare providers have access to free medication samples provided by pharmaceutical companies, which they can offer to patients who have financial difficulties.

Choice D Reason:

"Where did your money go this month?" is judgmental and inappropriate. It may make the client feel ashamed or defensive about their financial situation, which is not conducive to a therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Additionally, the client's financial decisions are not relevant to their need for medical treatment.

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Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?

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