Two months after taking nitrofurantoin for a bacterial infection, a client reports the onset of severe, watery diarrhea to the home care nurse. How should the nurse respond?

Determine if the full course of the initial prescription of medication was taken.

Explain that the diarrhea may be an adverse eﬀect that requires further evaluation.

Oﬀer instructions about the use of an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication.

advise that the infection has returned, and additional medication will be needed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. One of the adverse eﬀects of nitrofurantoin is diarrhea, which may be severe and watery. Therefore, it is important for the home care nurse to inform the client that the diarrhea may be a side eﬀect of the medication and requires further evaluation. The nurse should instruct the client to stop taking the medication and contact their healthcare provider for further assessment and treatment. The nurse should also assess the client's ﬂuid and electrolyte status and monitor for signs of dehydration.

Option a is important to consider, but it does not address the potential adverse eﬀect of the medication.

Option c may be appropriate in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention at this time.

Option d is not necessarily true and may cause unnecessary alarm to the client.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure by strengthening the heart's contractions and slowing down the heart rate. However, it can also cause nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite, especially when levels in the body are too high. Furosemide is a diuretic medication that helps to remove excess ﬂuid from the body, which is often necessary in heart failure. However, it can also cause electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium levels, which can contribute to nausea and vomiting.

Therefore, in a client with heart failure who is experiencing these symptoms, it is important to assess their medication regimen, including dosages and serum levels, to ensure that they are not experiencing medication side eﬀects or toxicity.

Adjustments may need to be made to the client's medication regimen to manage symptoms eﬀectively and prevent further complications. Options (a), (b), and (d) do not have as direct a correlation to the current symptoms and would not have the same level of significance when planning care for this client.

A. Unusual irritability. B. Diarrhea C. Nausea D. Involuntary movements.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Metoclopramide is a medication used to treat nausea and vomiting, including those caused by chemotherapy. However, it has a potential adverse eﬀect of causing extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which are involuntary movements of the body, such as muscle spasms, twitching, or restlessness. These symptoms can be distressing for patients and can interfere with their quality of life. EPS can be a sign of tardive dyskinesia, a serious and irreversible neurological disorder.

Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the client for any signs of EPS and report them immediately to the healthcare provider to prevent further complications. Unusual irritability, diarrhea, and nausea are also potential adverse eﬀects of metoclopramide, but they are not as concerning as EPS.

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Two months after taking nitrofurantoin for a bacterial infection, a client reports the onset of severe, watery diarrhea to the home care nurse. How should the nurse respond?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An elderly client with heart failure comet to the emergency room because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Based on the client’s signs and symptoms, which data from the medical history has the most significance when planning this client’s care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with chemotherapy induced nausea receives a prescription for metoclopramide. Which adverse eﬀect is most important for the nurse to report?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female client with a history of peptic ulcer disease receives a prescription for misoprostol. Which information provided by the client indicates to the nurse a need for further teaching?

A client with muscle spasticity receives a prescription for baclofen. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run in a marathon. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?

A client with bipolar disorder admitted with severe depression and suicidal ideation receives a prescription for lithium carbonate, which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

The nurse is planning to administer the antiulcer GI agent sucralfate to a client with a peptic ulcer disease. Which action should the nurse include in this client’s plan of care?

A client receives a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which statement made by client indicates to the nurse that the education was eﬀective?

Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client’s history includes which problem?

Before administering a newly prescribed dose of terbinafine HCL to a client with a fungal toenail infection, which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to address?