The nurse should teach a pregnant woman that which substances are teratogens? (Select all that apply.).

Cigarette smoke.

Isotretinoin (Retin A).

Vitamin C.

Salicylic acid.

Rubella.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

Choice A rationale:

Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that can cause birth defects and other complications during pregnancy. Pregnant women should avoid exposure to cigarette smoke to protect the developing fetus.

Choice B rationale:

Isotretinoin (Retin A) is a medication used to treat severe acne. It is known to cause severe birth defects and should be avoided during pregnancy. Women of childbearing age who are prescribed isotretinoin must use effective contraception to prevent pregnancy while taking the medication.

Choice C rationale:

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for various bodily functions. It is not a teratogen and is safe for consumption during pregnancy in recommended amounts. In fact, pregnant women are encouraged to consume an adequate amount of vitamin C to support their overall health and the development of the baby.

Choice D rationale:

Salicylic acid is commonly found in skincare products and is used to treat acne. While oral use of high doses of salicylic acid during pregnancy can be harmful, the small amounts used in topical skincare products are generally considered safe. However, it's advisable for pregnant women to use salicylic acid-containing products in moderation.

Choice E rationale:

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a contagious viral infection that can cause birth defects if a pregnant woman becomes infected, especially during the early stages of pregnancy. Rubella vaccination before pregnancy is recommended to prevent congenital rubella syndrome.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Drying the baby after birth and wrapping the baby in a dry blanket helps prevent evaporative heat loss. Newborns have a high surface area-to-body mass ratio, making them vulnerable to heat loss through evaporation. Keeping them dry and warm helps maintain their body temperature within the normal range (around 97.8-99.1°F or 36.5-37.3°C).

Choice B rationale:

Avoiding drafts and air conditioners is important to prevent convective heat loss, not evaporative heat loss. Convective heat loss occurs when warm air around the baby is replaced by cooler air, leading to heat loss.

Choice C rationale:

Placing the baby away from the outside wall and windows is related to radiant heat loss, not evaporative heat loss. Radiant heat loss occurs when the baby loses heat to a colder surface without direct contact.

Choice D rationale:

Warming the stethoscope and the nurse's hands before touching the baby is important for preventing conductive heat loss, not evaporative heat loss. Conductive heat loss happens when the baby comes into direct contact with a colder object or surface.

A. Inspiratory stridor. B. Complete obstruction. C. Sore throat. D. Respiratory tract infection.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Inspiratory stridor. Inspiratory stridor, a high-pitched sound heard during inhalation, is a common symptom of acute epiglottitis. It is caused by the swelling and inflammation of the epiglottis, which can partially obstruct the airway and create a stridor sound during breathing.
Choice B rationale:
Complete obstruction. Using a tongue depressor to examine the throat of a child with acute epiglottitis can potentially lead to a complete airway obstruction. The epiglottis, which is already swollen, can block the airway entirely, leading to respiratory distress and potentially a life-threatening situation.
Choice C rationale:
Sore throat. A sore throat is a common symptom of various respiratory tract infections, including acute epiglottitis. However, the use of a tongue depressor can worsen the swelling and potentially lead to complete airway obstruction, which is a more immediate concern.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory tract infection. Acute epiglottitis itself is a severe respiratory tract infection, specifically involving the epiglottis. Using a tongue depressor might exacerbate the condition, leading to airway obstruction, but it is not the cause of the respiratory tract infection.

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The nurse should teach a pregnant woman that which substances are teratogens? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Nurses can prevent evaporative heat loss in the newborn by:.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a child with acute epiglottitis. Examining the child's throat by using a tongue depressor might precipitate which symptom or condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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