The nurse on the mental health unit receives report about a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who has a delusion of reference. Which client statement supports this symptom?

"I need for you to get rid of these bugs that are crawling under my skin."

"Those Martians are trying to poison me with the tap water."

"Hear that? She told me to kill my father."

"That song is a message sent to me in secret code."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This describes tactile hallucinations, a false sensory experience, not a delusion of reference.

Choice B reason: This reflects a persecutory delusion, where the client believes they are being harmed or targeted, not a delusion of reference.

Choice C reason: This illustrates an auditory hallucination with command-type voices, not a delusion of reference.

Choice D reason: Believing that unrelated environmental cues (like a song) carry special, hidden meaning specifically for the client is the hallmark of a delusion of reference.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The M’Naghten Rule requires proof that, due to mental illness, the person did not understand the nature of the act or could not distinguish right from wrong at the time of the offense. This is the key standard used in many jurisdictions for insanity defenses.

Choice B reason: Having a history of mental illness alone is not sufficient; the rule focuses on the client’s mental state during the offense, not prior diagnoses.

Choice C reason: Being driven by uncontrollable impulses is not part of the M’Naghten criteria. This falls more under the “irresistible impulse” test, which is separate.

Choice D reason: Intoxication, even if it impairs judgment, does not qualify under the M’Naghten Rule. Voluntary substance use generally excludes insanity defenses.

A. The role of classical conditioning in developing maladaptive responses. B. The modification of distorted thought patterns to change behavior. C. The use of psychoanalysis to uncover unconscious conflicts influencing behavior. D. The importance of unconditional positive regard, empathy, and fostering client growth.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Classical conditioning is associated with behavioral theory, particularly the work of Pavlov, and is not central to Rogers’ humanistic approach.

Choice B reason: Changing distorted thought patterns reflects cognitive-behavioral therapy, which differs from Rogers’ emphasis on humanistic principles.

Choice C reason: Psychoanalysis focuses on unconscious drives and conflicts, a concept developed by Freud, not Carl Rogers.

Choice D reason: Rogers highlighted unconditional positive regard, empathy, and the belief in a client’s potential for growth as essential to therapeutic relationships, forming the foundation of his humanistic approach.

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The nurse on the mental health unit receives report about a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who has a delusion of reference. Which client statement supports this symptom?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is on trial for a violent offense and the defense claims the client was legally insane at the time of the act. According to the M'Naghten Rule, which criterion must be met for the insanity defense to be valid?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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