A nurse is teaching a client at a prenatal clinic. The client shares that they have family members diagnosed with schizophrenia and wants to know how they can reduce their baby's risk of developing schizophrenia. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Restrict calories to maintain weight.

Avoid contracting a viral infection.

Limit iron intake.

Abstain from getting pregnant as a teenager.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Calorie restriction during pregnancy is not a recommended preventive measure and may actually harm fetal development by causing malnutrition.

Choice B reason: Maternal viral infections during pregnancy, such as influenza, have been associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia in offspring. Preventing infections through vaccination, hygiene, and avoiding exposure is a protective measure.

Choice C reason: Iron deficiency should be prevented, not encouraged, since adequate maternal nutrition supports healthy fetal brain development. Limiting iron intake would not reduce schizophrenia risk and could increase complications.

Choice D reason: While teenage pregnancy carries social and medical risks, it is not directly linked to increasing schizophrenia risk in offspring compared to maternal infections during pregnancy.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The unconscious mind, according to psychoanalytic theory, is where repressed emotions, memories, and desires are stored. These hidden influences affect behavior and mental health without the individual’s conscious awareness.

Choice B reason: Active and current awareness of memories and thoughts describes the conscious mind, not the unconscious.

Choice C reason: Immediate awareness of sensory input and decision-making refers to the conscious and preconscious processes, not the unconscious.

Choice D reason: Voluntary motor control and coordination involve the motor cortex and cerebellum, unrelated to psychoanalytic concepts of the unconscious.

A. Encourage the client to explore childhood experiences that may have caused these fears. B. Reassure the client that everyone feels insecure sometimes and they are overthinking the situation. C. Advise the client to start attending large events to desensitize themselves to rejection. D. Assist the client in identifying and challenging negative self-beliefs through gradual social exposure.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: While exploring childhood experiences may provide insight into the origins of fear, this approach does not directly help the client build the confidence and skills needed to engage socially in the present. It may keep the focus on the past rather than promoting immediate coping strategies.

Choice B reason: Offering reassurance without addressing the underlying cognitive distortions minimizes the client’s distress and may come across as dismissive. This response fails to provide practical tools for overcoming fear of rejection.

Choice C reason: Encouraging participation in large social gatherings too quickly can overwhelm a client with avoidant traits. Such exposure without proper preparation and gradual buildup is more likely to increase anxiety and avoidance rather than reduce it.

Choice D reason: Supporting the client in recognizing and challenging self-defeating beliefs, while practicing gradual social exposure, is evidence-based and therapeutic. This method uses cognitive-behavioral strategies that are effective in reducing avoidance, building self-esteem, and encouraging healthier relationships.

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A nurse is teaching a client at a prenatal clinic. The client shares that they have family members diagnosed with schizophrenia and wants to know how they can reduce their baby's risk of developing schizophrenia. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious mind plays a significant role in influencing behavior and mental health. Which statement best describes the function of the unconscious mind in this context?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 28-year-old client with a diagnosis of Avoidant Personality Disorder tells the nurse, "I want to make friends. I'm too afraid they'll laugh at me or think I'm weak." Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to help this client begin developing healthier interpersonal relationships?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A 6-year-old child is showing behaviors such as excessive handwashing and reluctance to use the bathroom independently. According to Freud’s psychosexual theory, fixation at which stage is most likely contributing to these behaviors?

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 16-year-old client with bulimia nervosa. Which interventions would be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is providing education about strategies for a safety plan for a female client who is a victim of intimate partner violence. Which strategies should be included in the safety plan? (Select all that apply.)

Which principle should guide the nurse in determining the extent of silence to use during patient interview sessions?

A 52-year-old male with a long history of alcohol use disorder is admitted to the hospital and begins showing signs of Delirium Tremens, including agitation, tremors, tachycardia, and hallucinations. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to manage these symptoms?

At the first meeting of a group at a daycare center for older adults, the nurse asks one of the members what kinds of things the client would like to do with the group. The older adult shrugs and says, "You tell me. You're the leader." What would be the best response for the nurse to make?

During an interview, a patient attempts to shift the focus from self to the nurse by asking personal questions. The nurse should respond by saying:

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who is exhibiting positive symptoms. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)