The nurse is using Chvostek sign to assess for hypocalcemia. Which statement correctly describes this test?

Tap the face just below and in front of the ear.

Inflate a blood pressure cuff around the upper arm for 4 minutes.

Apply pressure over the ulnar and radial arteries.

Forcefully dorsiflex the ankle when the knee is in an extended position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Tap the face just below and in front of the ear: This is the correct technique for eliciting Chvostek’s sign, which involves tapping over the facial nerve. A positive sign (twitching of facial muscles) indicates hypocalcemia.

B. Inflate a blood pressure cuff around the upper arm for 4 minutes: This describes Trousseau’s sign, another test for hypocalcemia, where carpopedal spasm occurs due to ischemia.

C. Apply pressure over the ulnar and radial arteries: This describes Allen’s test, used to assess arterial blood flow, not calcium levels.

D. Forcefully dorsiflex the ankle when the knee is in an extended position: This describes Homan’s sign, which is used to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), not hypocalcemia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The patient can experience speed shock: Speed shock is a rapid infusion of a substance (like a medication or fluid) into the bloodstream, usually occurring when the infusion rate is too fast. This is not typically caused by flushing a clotted cannula.

B. A clot can be forced into the circulation causing serious complications: Flushing a clotted cannula too aggressively can dislodge a clot, causing it to travel into the bloodstream. This can lead to serious complications like embolism or stroke, especially if the clot is large or travels to a vital organ.

C. A painful arterial spasm can occur: While arterial spasms can occur, they are more often related to arterial catheterization or manipulation rather than flushing a venous cannula.

D. The catheter can become dislodged and fall out: While this could potentially happen, it is less of a concern compared to the risk of pushing a clot into circulation, which is a more immediate danger.

A. Have the laboratory draw a blood sample for an erythrocyte sedimentation rate. B. Restrict fluid intake. C. Obtain a 12-lead ECG. D. Administer potassium gluconate 40 mEq orally.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Have the laboratory draw a blood sample for an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): ESR measures inflammation and is unrelated to hyperkalemia.

B. Restrict fluid intake: Fluid restriction is not appropriate for hyperkalemia unless specifically related to fluid overload or renal failure.

C. Obtain a 12-lead ECG: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias such as peaked T waves, widened QRS complexes, or asystole. ECG monitoring is essential.

D. Administer potassium gluconate 40 mEq orally: This would worsen hyperkalemia and is contraindicated.

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The nurse is using Chvostek sign to assess for hypocalcemia. Which statement correctly describes this test?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following complications can occur if a clotted cannula is flushed too aggressively?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a client who takes spironolactone and notes that the client's serum potassium level is 6.8 mEq/L (3.5 -5 mEq/L). The nurse notifies the provider and anticipates that the provider will provide which of the following instructions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypocalcemia. For which of the following signs should the nurse monitor?

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A nurse is phoning a provider to report a client's serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?

The nurse is using Chvostek sign to assess for hypocalcemia. Which statement correctly describes this test?

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