A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a calcium level of 12 mg/dL (9-10.5 mg/dL). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Hypotension
Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Diarrhea
Increased appetite
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypotension: Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels) typically causes increased blood pressure, not hypotension.
B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes: High calcium levels can depress neuromuscular function, leading to diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes. This is a common finding in hypercalcemia.
C. Diarrhea: Hypercalcemia is more commonly associated with constipation, not diarrhea.
D. Increased appetite: Hypercalcemia does not cause increased appetite. It often leads to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or a reduced appetite.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hematocrit 45% (37% to 52%): This value is within the normal range for hematocrit. Dehydration may increase the hematocrit due to a relative increase in red blood cell concentration, but 45% is still within normal limits.
B. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL): This value is within the normal range for creatinine, indicating normal kidney function.
C. BUN 25 mg/dL (10-20 mg/dL): An elevated BUN level is a sign of dehydration as it reflects increased protein breakdown and decreased renal perfusion. This value is above the normal range and should be reported to the provider.
D. Urine specific gravity 1.028 (1.005 to 1.030): This value is within the normal range and indicates that the kidneys are concentrating urine, which is typical in dehydration as the body tries to conserve water.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 0.9% sodium chloride: Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is the standard solution that can be administered with blood products. It is isotonic and does not cause hemolysis or alter the structure of red blood cells.
B. Lactated Ringers solution: Lactated Ringers solution is not used with blood products due to the potential for hemolysis when calcium is present, which can interfere with the clotting cascade and affect blood cell integrity.
C. 5% dextrose/0.2% sodium chloride: Dextrose solutions should not be used with blood components, as they can cause red blood cells to hemolyze, leading to hemolysis and complications in transfusion.
D. 5% dextrose/0.45% sodium chloride: This solution contains dextrose, which can cause red blood cell hemolysis and should not be used with blood products.
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