Which is the most reliable method for monitoring improvement when restoring fluid balance?

Vital signs

skin turgor

Daily input and output

Daily weights

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Vital signs: Vital signs can reflect changes in fluid status, but they are not always sensitive to small shifts in fluid balance and can be affected by many other factors like medications.

B. Skin turgor: Skin turgor can be useful for assessing dehydration but is not a reliable indicator for tracking fluid balance over time, especially in older adults where skin elasticity naturally declines.

C. Daily input and output: Monitoring intake and output is useful, but it is not the most reliable for evaluating overall fluid balance, especially in cases of insensible loss or shifts in third spaces.

D. Daily weights: Weighing the patient daily is the most reliable method for monitoring fluid balance because it directly reflects changes in fluid retention or loss, particularly in acute or chronic conditions like heart failure or dehydration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Dextrose 10% in water: Dextrose solutions provide calories but do not restore volume or replace electrolytes. They are not typically used in hypovolemic shock.

B. Lactated Ringer's: Lactated Ringer’s solution is an isotonic solution containing sodium, potassium, calcium, and lactate, which helps restore both fluid volume and electrolytes in the case of hypovolemic shock. It is commonly used while awaiting blood transfusions.

C. 0.33% sodium chloride: This is a hypotonic solution that can cause fluid to shift into cells and is not appropriate for fluid resuscitation in hypovolemia, which requires an isotonic solution.

D. 0.45% sodium chloride: This is a hypotonic solution as well, and it could worsen hypotension by causing fluid shifts into the cells, which is not ideal for treating hypovolemic shock.

A. Urine specific gravity 1.034 B. Distended neck veins C. BP 146/94 mm Hg D. Bounding pulse

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Urine specific gravity 1.034: High urine specific gravity (greater than 1.030) indicates concentrated urine, which is a sign of dehydration. This suggests the kidneys are conserving water due to a lack of fluid.

B. Distended neck veins: Distended neck veins usually indicate fluid overload or hypervolemia, not dehydration.

C. BP 146/94 mm Hg: While elevated blood pressure could be a sign of various conditions, it is not a typical indicator of dehydration. Dehydration often leads to low blood pressure.

D. Bounding pulse: A bounding pulse is often associated with fluid overload or fever and does not indicate dehydration. In dehydration, the pulse may be weak or thready.

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Which is the most reliable method for monitoring improvement when restoring fluid balance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is hypovolemic due to blood loss following a motor-vehicle crash and needs a blood transfusion immediately. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV solutions while awaiting blood from a type and cross-match?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is planning to monitor a client for dehydration following several episodes of vomiting and an increase in the client's temperature. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is dehydrated?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client whose serum potassium level is 5.3 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications?

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