A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is hypovolemic due to blood loss following a motor-vehicle crash and needs a blood transfusion immediately. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV solutions while awaiting blood from a type and cross-match?
Dextrose 10% in water
Lactated Ringer's
0.33% sodium chloride
0.45% sodium chloride
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dextrose 10% in water: Dextrose solutions provide calories but do not restore volume or replace electrolytes. They are not typically used in hypovolemic shock.
B. Lactated Ringer's: Lactated Ringer’s solution is an isotonic solution containing sodium, potassium, calcium, and lactate, which helps restore both fluid volume and electrolytes in the case of hypovolemic shock. It is commonly used while awaiting blood transfusions.
C. 0.33% sodium chloride: This is a hypotonic solution that can cause fluid to shift into cells and is not appropriate for fluid resuscitation in hypovolemia, which requires an isotonic solution.
D. 0.45% sodium chloride: This is a hypotonic solution as well, and it could worsen hypotension by causing fluid shifts into the cells, which is not ideal for treating hypovolemic shock.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Upright: Sitting upright promotes optimal lung expansion by reducing pressure on the diaphragm and improving ventilation.
B. Side-lying: This may be used for comfort but does not maximize lung expansion.
C. Supine: Lying flat can compromise lung expansion, particularly in respiratory distress.
D. Prone: While prone positioning is used in specific cases of severe respiratory failure (e.g., ARDS), it is not standard for general pneumonia in children.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Urine specific gravity 1.034: High urine specific gravity (greater than 1.030) indicates concentrated urine, which is a sign of dehydration. This suggests the kidneys are conserving water due to a lack of fluid.
B. Distended neck veins: Distended neck veins usually indicate fluid overload or hypervolemia, not dehydration.
C. BP 146/94 mm Hg: While elevated blood pressure could be a sign of various conditions, it is not a typical indicator of dehydration. Dehydration often leads to low blood pressure.
D. Bounding pulse: A bounding pulse is often associated with fluid overload or fever and does not indicate dehydration. In dehydration, the pulse may be weak or thready.
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