A nurse is collecting data from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the charge nurse as an indicator of dehydration?

Skin tenting

BP 178/90 mm Hg

Red mucous membranes

Jugular vein distention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Skin tenting occurs when the skin loses its elasticity due to dehydration. When gently pinched, the skin may remain elevated and return to its normal position slowly. This finding is a classic sign of dehydration and indicates that the client has lost significant fluid volume.
B.   Elevated blood pressure (BP) can sometimes be associated with dehydration, especially in acute cases or when there are underlying conditions like hypovolemia. However, it is not typically a primary indicator of dehydration. Hypotension (low blood pressure) is more commonly associated with severe dehydration.
C.   Red mucous membranes may indicate various conditions, including dehydration. Dehydration can lead to dryness and mucosal irritation, resulting in redness. However, red mucous membranes alone are not specific enough to reliably indicate dehydration without considering other signs and symptoms.

D.   Jugular vein distention (JVD) is associated with fluid overload rather than dehydration. It occurs when there is increased pressure in the venous system, often due to heart failure or fluid retention. JVD is not typically seen in dehydrated individuals.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clients with end-stage kidney disease often have impaired kidney function, leading to decreased urine output and retention of fluid and waste products. Dialysis is intended to remove excess fluid and waste from the body.
B. Gastroenteritis involves inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. These symptoms result in significant fluid loss.
C. Heart failure can lead to fluid retention and edema due to the heart's inability to pump effectively. Diuretic therapy is commonly prescribed to manage fluid overload by increasing urine output. However, excessive diuresis or inadequate intake of fluids can lead to fluid volume deficit, particularly if the client does not compensate with adequate oral intake.

D. This client has been NPO only since midnight (about 9–14 hours, depending on procedure time). While intake is restricted, this short period is not usually enough to cause a significant fluid volume deficit, unless prolonged.

A. Perform a blind finger sweep. B. Begin the Heimlich maneuver. C. Turn the client to the side. D. Tilt the head and lift the chin.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Performing a blind finger sweep involves inserting a finger into the client's mouth to try and remove an obstruction. This action is not recommended because it can push the obstruction further down the airway, potentially worsening the situation and causing the client to choke.
B. The Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts) is a technique used to clear an obstructed airway in conscious adults. It involves applying sudden upward pressure on the abdomen, between the navel and ribcage, to force air from the lungs to dislodge the obstruction.
C. Turning the client to the side is typically done if the client is unconscious and not breathing normally (recovery position). This position helps maintain a clear airway by allowing any fluids or vomit to drain out of the mouth and prevent obstruction.
D. Tilting the head and lifting the chin is part of the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver used to open the airway. This maneuver is used when a client is unconscious or unresponsive but breathing. It helps to keep the airway open by lifting the tongue away from the back of the

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A nurse is collecting data from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the charge nurse as an indicator of dehydration?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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