A nurse is monitoring a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Hematocrit 45% (37% to 52%)

Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL)

BUN 25 mg/dL (10-20 mg/dL)

Urine specific gravity 1.028 (1.005 to 1.030)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hematocrit 45% (37% to 52%): This value is within the normal range for hematocrit. Dehydration may increase the hematocrit due to a relative increase in red blood cell concentration, but 45% is still within normal limits.

B. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL): This value is within the normal range for creatinine, indicating normal kidney function.

C. BUN 25 mg/dL (10-20 mg/dL): An elevated BUN level is a sign of dehydration as it reflects increased protein breakdown and decreased renal perfusion. This value is above the normal range and should be reported to the provider.

D. Urine specific gravity 1.028 (1.005 to 1.030): This value is within the normal range and indicates that the kidneys are concentrating urine, which is typical in dehydration as the body tries to conserve water.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Urine specific gravity 1.034: High urine specific gravity (greater than 1.030) indicates concentrated urine, which is a sign of dehydration. This suggests the kidneys are conserving water due to a lack of fluid.

B. Distended neck veins: Distended neck veins usually indicate fluid overload or hypervolemia, not dehydration.

C. BP 146/94 mm Hg: While elevated blood pressure could be a sign of various conditions, it is not a typical indicator of dehydration. Dehydration often leads to low blood pressure.

D. Bounding pulse: A bounding pulse is often associated with fluid overload or fever and does not indicate dehydration. In dehydration, the pulse may be weak or thready.

A. 0.9% sodium chloride B. Lactated Ringers solution C. 5% dextrose/0.2% sodium chloride D. 5% dextrose/0.45% sodium chloride

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. 0.9% sodium chloride: Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is the standard solution that can be administered with blood products. It is isotonic and does not cause hemolysis or alter the structure of red blood cells.

B. Lactated Ringers solution: Lactated Ringers solution is not used with blood products due to the potential for hemolysis when calcium is present, which can interfere with the clotting cascade and affect blood cell integrity.

C. 5% dextrose/0.2% sodium chloride: Dextrose solutions should not be used with blood components, as they can cause red blood cells to hemolyze, leading to hemolysis and complications in transfusion.

D. 5% dextrose/0.45% sodium chloride: This solution contains dextrose, which can cause red blood cell hemolysis and should not be used with blood products.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider?

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