The nurse is teaching a client with peripheral arterial disease. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Soak feet in warm water for an hour each day

Set heating pads on a low temperature.

Use callus remover for corns or calluses

Wear ﬁtted closed toe shoes daily.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Wear ﬁtted closed toe shoes daily: It is important for clients with peripheral arterial disease to wear properly ﬁtted closed toe shoes. This helps protect the feet from injury and provides support. Closed toe shoes also help maintain warmth and prevent heat loss, which is especially important for individuals with impaired circulation.

Let's review the other options and explain why they may not be appropriate:

Soak feet in warm water for an hour each day: Soaking the feet in warm water for a prolonged period can actually worsen symptoms in individuals with peripheral arterial disease. It can cause further dilation of blood vessels, leading to increased blood pooling and potential tissue damage. Therefore, soaking the feet for extended periods of time is not recommended.

Set heating pads on a low temperature: Using heating pads, especially at high temperatures, can be harmful to individuals with peripheral arterial disease. It can increase the risk of burns or thermal injury due to reduced sensation in the affected areas. Heating pads should be used with caution and on a low temperature setting, if necessary.

Use callus remover for corns or calluses: Individuals with peripheral arterial disease have reduced blood ﬂow to the lower extremities, which can impair wound healing. It is important to avoid self-treatment of corns or calluses, as it can increase the risk of skin breakdown and infection. Clients should be advised to consult a healthcare professional, such as a podiatrist, for appropriate management of corns and calluses.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Assess pulse of the affected extremity every 15 minutes at ﬁrst: Frequent assessment of the pulse in the affected extremity is important to monitor for any changes in blood ﬂow. This allows the nurse to identify any potential complications such as graft occlusion or compromised circulation promptly.

Palpate the affected leg for pain during every assessment: Assessing for pain in the affected leg is crucial to identify any signs of ischemia or inadequate perfusion. Increased pain could indicate reduced blood ﬂow or other complications that require immediate attention.

Assess the client for signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome every 2 hours: Compartment syndrome can occur after vascular surgeries, and early recognition is vital. The nurse should assess for signs and symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, increased swelling, and tense compartments. Regular assessment every 2 hours can help detect compartment syndrome promptly and prevent further complications.

Perform Doppler evaluation once daily: Doppler evaluation may be ordered by the healthcare provider to assess blood ﬂow and graft patency. However, the frequency of Doppler evaluation may vary depending on the client's condition and the healthcare provider's orders. Once daily assessment is not suﬃcient if there are concerns regarding blood ﬂow or graft viability.

A. Absent bilateral pedal pulses. B. Complaints of pain at the site of the incision. C. Distended, tender abdomen. D. An elevated temperature of 100 F

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Absent bilateral pedal pulses indicate a potential vascular complication, such as impaired circulation or blood flow to the lower extremities. It may suggest compromised perfusion and could be a sign of arterial occlusion or thrombosis, which requires immediate intervention. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider promptly to assess the client's condition and initiate appropriate interventions to restore circulation to the lower extremities.

While complaints of pain at the site of the incision are significant, post-operative pain is expected after abdominal surgery. The nurse should assess the pain and provide appropriate pain management interventions, but it may not require immediate intervention unless the pain is severe or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

A distended, tender abdomen could indicate various post-operative complications, such as bowel obstruction or peritonitis. Although it should be evaluated and reported to the healthcare provider, it may not require immediate intervention unless the client's condition deteriorates or other signs of a surgical emergency are present.

An elevated temperature of 100°F (37.8°C) alone, without other signs of infection or systemic complications, may not necessarily require immediate intervention. It could be a normal response to surgery or a mild post-operative infection. The nurse should monitor the client's temperature and assess for other signs of infection, and if necessary, report it to the healthcare provider for further evaluation.

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The nurse is teaching a client with peripheral arterial disease. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

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