The nurse is conducting client teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the client's elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the client shows an understanding of the significance of these levels by making what statement?

"Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease."

"Increased LDL has the potential to decrease my risk of heart disease."

"The decreased HDL level will increase the amount of cholesterol moved away from the artery walls."

"The increased LDL will decrease the amount of cholesterol deposited on the artery walls."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Elevated levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because it can contribute to the formation of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowing and blockage of the arteries supplying the heart. This increases the risk of developing CAD and related complications such as heart attack and stroke.

On the other hand, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol. HDL cholesterol helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it back to the liver for processing and excretion. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a decreased risk of CAD because it helps to prevent the accumulation of cholesterol on artery walls.

Therefore, understanding that increased LDL and decreased HDL levels increase the risk of coronary artery disease demonstrates a good understanding of the significance of cholesterol levels and their impact on cardiovascular health.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An ABI of 0.89 indicates a reduced blood ﬂow to the lower extremities, which is suggestive of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). In PAD, there is narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply blood to the legs and feet. Medications like clopidogrel and simvastatin are commonly prescribed for individuals with PAD to manage the condition and reduce the risk of complications.

Here's an explanation of why the other options are not the most appropriate interventions:

Document the information as a normal ﬁnding: An ABI of 0.89 is not considered a normal ﬁnding. An ABI value below 0.9 is generally indicative of PAD or reduced blood ﬂow to the lower extremities.

Prepare the client for an arterial bypass: An ABI value of 0.89 alone does not warrant immediate preparation for an arterial bypass. Arterial bypass surgery is typically considered for severe cases of PAD with signiﬁcant symptoms that signiﬁcantly impact the client's quality of life and other conservative treatments have not been successful.

Educate the client about the use of compression stockings: While compression stockings may be a part of the overall management of PAD, the ABI result alone does not indicate an immediate need for education about compression stockings. Other interventions, such as medication management, lifestyle modiﬁcations, and possibly revascularization procedures, may be more appropriate based on the severity of the PAD.

A. Give the scheduled dose of diltiazem (Cardizem). B. Reposition the patient on the left side. C. Have the patient perform the Valsalva maneuver. D. Apply the transcutaneous pacemaker (TCP) pads

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 32 beats/min and accompanying hypotension and symptoms of feeling faint indicates significant hemodynamic compromise. In such cases, the first-line intervention is to provide external cardiac pacing through transcutaneous pacemaker (TCP) pads. TCP can help increase the heart rate and improve cardiac output by delivering electrical impulses to the heart.

Administering the scheduled dose of diltiazem (Cardizem), a calcium channel blocker, is not appropriate in this situation. Diltiazem can further lower the heart rate and blood pressure, exacerbating the client's symptoms and potentially leading to adverse effects.

Repositioning the patient on the left side or having the patient perform the Valsalva maneuver are not effective interventions for treating sinus bradycardia with hemodynamic compromise. These actions may be used in specific situations, but in this case, the client requires immediate intervention to address the low heart rate and blood pressure.

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The nurse is conducting client teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the client's elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the client shows an understanding of the significance of these levels by making what statement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client with a presumptive diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. The nurse obtains an Ankle-Brachial index of 0.89. Which intervention should the nurse take next?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with sinus bradycardia at a rate of 32 beats/min, blood pressure (BP) of 80/42 mm Hg, and reports feeling faint. Which is the appropriate action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The nurse is conducting client teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the client's elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the client shows an understanding of the significance of these levels by making what statement?