The nurse is providing instructions about a client’s new medication. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?

Decreases pain during urination.

Increases strength of the urine system.

Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.

Prevents formation of kidney stones.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Probenecid is a uricosuric drug that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of uric acid in the kidneys and promotes its excretion in the urine. This drug is used to treat gout and hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the blood). Therefore, the nurse should explain to the client that the purpose of probenecid is to promote the excretion of uric acid in the urine and lower the levels of uric acid in the blood, which can help prevent gout attacks and kidney stones.

Options a, b, and d are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the mechanism of action or purpose of probenecid.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Restless legs syndrome is a condition that causes an uncomfortable sensation in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move them. Melatonin is a natural hormone that helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle and can be used as a sleep aid. Therefore, when evaluating the eﬀectiveness of melatonin in an older adult client with restless legs syndrome, the nurse should assess the client's sleep patterns to determine if the herb is improving their ability to fall and stay asleep.

Assessing anxiety level (a) may be useful in other contexts, but it is not directly relevant to evaluating the eﬀectiveness of melatonin for restless legs syndrome. Observing for peripheral edema (b) and palpating pedal pulse volume (d) are important assessments in clients with peripheral vascular disease or other circulatory disorders, but they are not directly related to restless legs syndrome or the use of melatonin.

A. Replace salt with a salt substitute. B. Limits intake of high-potassium foods. C. Cover your skin before going outside. D. Monitor skin for excessive bruising.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by blocking the actions of aldosterone, a hormone that can lead to potassium loss in the urine. However, in some cases, spironolactone can cause hyperkalemia (high levels of potassium in the blood), which can be dangerous for patients with heart failure. Therefore, it is important to instruct the patient to limit their intake of high-potassium foods such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, spinach, and salt substitutes containing potassium.

Option a (Replace salt with a salt substitute) is incorrect because salt substitutes often contain potassium, which can further increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Option c (Cover your skin before going outside) is unrelated to the use of spironolactone and hyperkalemia.

Option d (Monitor skin for excessive bruising) is not directly related to the use of spironolactone and hyperkalemia, although it is a potential side eﬀect of other medications used to treat heart failure.

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The nurse is providing instructions about a client’s new medication. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the eﬀectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this patient’s plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 07:00. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. Which action should the nurse take?

Prior to administering the evening dose of carbamazepine, the nurse noted that the client’s morning carbamazepine level was 8.4 mg/L. Which action should the nurse take?

Before administering a newly prescribed dose of terbinafine HCL to a client with a fungal toenail infection, which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to address?

Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

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The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

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