The nurse is providing counseling to a woman who is HIV positive and has just discovered that she is pregnant.
Which anti-HIV drug is given to HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent transmission of the virus to the infant?

The correct answer is Choice D.

Let’s go through the calculations step by step:

Step 1: Convert all the quantities to milliliters (mL), as the nurse needs to record the intake in mL. We know that 1 oz is approximately 29.5735 mL.

4 oz of juice = 4 × 29.5735 mL = 118.294 mL

6 oz of tea = 6 × 29.5735 mL = 177.861 mL 8 oz of broth = 8 × 29.5735 mL = 236.628 mL Step 2: Add all the quantities together:

118.294 mL (juice) + 177.861 mL (tea) + 100 mL (soda) + 150 mL (IV bolus) + 236.628 mL (broth) = 783.783 mL Step 3: Round off the total intake to the nearest whole number as required, which gives us 784 mL.

Therefore, the nurse should record 784 mL on the patient’s chart. However, this option is not available in the choices given. The closest option to this calculated value is 800 mL (Choice D).

Now, let’s discuss the rationales for each choice:

Choice A rationale:

500 mL would be an underestimate of the patient’s fluid intake. It does not account for all the fluids the patient consumed.

Choice B rationale:

600 mL, similar to Choice A, is an underestimate. It does not accurately represent the total volume of fluids the patient consumed. Choice C rationale:

700 mL is closer to the calculated intake but is still an underestimate. It does not fully account for all the fluids the patient consumed.

Choice D rationale:

800 mL is the closest option to the calculated intake of 784 mL. Although it’s slightly over the actual intake, it’s the best choice among the given options.

Choice A rationale:

Polyuria, which is frequent or excessive urination, is not typically a symptom of hypoglycemia. It is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar levels.

Choice B rationale:

Sweating is indeed a common symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels fall too low, the body may respond by sweating as it releases adrenaline in response to the hypoglycemic state.

Choice C rationale:

Tachycardia, or a fast heartbeat, is another common symptom of hypoglycemia. This is part of the body’s response to low blood sugar levels, as it releases adrenaline to try to raise these levels.

Choice D rationale:

Blurry vision can be a symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels fall, it can affect the ability of the eyes to focus, leading to blurry vision.

Choice E rationale:

Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is not typically a symptom of hypoglycemia. Like polyuria, it is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia.