The nurse is performing a cognitive assessment on a 16-year-old client. Which behaviors demonstrated will the nurse identify as middle formal operational, according to Piaget's theory? Select all that apply.
Wanting their friends to visit them in the hospital more than their parents
Being very concerned with implications of the Affordable Care Act regarding healthcare benefits
Wanting to make decisions about health care independently
Difficulty understanding the implications their diagnosis might present
Reporting that he smokes marijuana occasionally.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Wanting friends to visit more than parents is more indicative of this stage, as they reflect the client's interest in social relationships.
B. Being very concerned with implications of laws or regulations demonstrates abstract thinking and consideration of complex societal issues, characteristic of middle formal operational thinking.
C. Wanting to make decisions about healthcare independently reflects increasing autonomy and ability to think abstractly.
D. Difficulty understanding implications of a diagnosis may indicate cognitive limitations rather than middle formal operational thinking.
E. Reporting occasional marijuana use may indicate behavior but does not necessarily reflect cognitive development according to Piaget's theory.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Presenting food matter-of-factly and allowing the child to choose what to eat can help promote autonomy and reduce mealtime stress, encouraging healthier eating habits over time.
B. Allowing the child to pick out foods for meals may reinforce picky eating habits and may not necessarily promote balanced nutrition.
C. Offering high-fat snacks to entice the child to eat may reinforce unhealthy eating habits and may not address the root causes of picky eating.
D. Offering a special treat as a reward for eating all the food on the plate may create an unhealthy association with food and may not promote long-term healthy eating habits.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Providing early feedings can help prevent hypoglycemia, a common complication of polycythemia.
B. Maintaining oxygen saturation parameters, which can indicate the adequacy of tissue oxygenation and perfusion.
C. Obtaining hemoglobin and hematocrit laboratory tests is essential for diagnosing and monitoring polycythemia.
D. Polycythemic neonates may have decreased urinary output due to reduced renal blood flow, dehydration, or increased risk of thrombosis. The nurse should monitor the urinary output and report any signs of oliguria, anuria, hematuria, or renal failure.
E. A peripheral IV is a catheter inserted into a vein to administer fluids, medications, or blood products. Polycythemic neonates may require a partial exchange transfusion, which is a procedure where some of the neonate's blood is removed and replaced with normal saline or donor blood. This can help lower the hematocrit and viscosity and improve oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion. The nurse should insert a peripheral IV and prepare for the transfusion as ordered by the physician.
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