The nurse is caring for the client with cardiac and renal disease. The client now has a serum potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L. Which medications, if prescribed, should the nurse administer? Select all that apply.
Calcium gluconate 1.5 grams IV now
Dextrose 50% injection (50ml) IV push now
Colace 100 mg PO now
Regular insulin 10 units IV now
Potassium chloride 20 mEq orally now
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A) Calcium gluconate 1.5 grams IV now: Calcium gluconate is administered to counteract the effects of hyperkalemia by stabilizing the myocardial cell membrane. It does not lower potassium levels but helps protect the heart from potential dysrhythmias associated with high potassium levels.
B) Dextrose 50% injection (50ml) IV push now: Dextrose 50% injection, also known as D50W, is administered to temporarily shift potassium from the extracellular space into the intracellular space, thereby lowering serum potassium levels. It is commonly used in combination with insulin to facilitate the movement of potassium into cells.
C) Colace 100 mg PO now: Colace is a stool softener and does not affect serum potassium levels. It is not indicated for the treatment of hyperkalemia.
D) Regular insulin 10 units IV now: Regular insulin is administered with dextrose to facilitate the movement of potassium from the extracellular space into the intracellular space. Insulin stimulates the cellular uptake of glucose, which in turn drives potassium into cells along with glucose.
E) Potassium chloride 20 mEq orally now: Potassium chloride is contraindicated in the treatment of hyperkalemia as it would further increase serum potassium levels. It is typically used to supplement potassium in clients with hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Pulling the client up from under the arms: This action can increase shearing force on the client's skin, especially if done abruptly or without proper assistance. Pulling the client up by the arms can create friction and shear between the skin and underlying tissues, potentially worsening the pressure injury.
B) Improving the client's hydration: While hydration is essential for overall skin health, it is not directly related to reducing shearing force on a pressure injury. Hydration can help maintain skin integrity and promote healing but does not directly address the mechanical forces contributing to pressure injuries.
C) Lubricating the area with skin cream: While skin cream can help moisturize and protect the skin, it may not necessarily reduce shearing force on a pressure injury. While lubrication can reduce friction between surfaces, it may not be sufficient to prevent shearing forces that occur during movement or repositioning.
D) Preventing the client from sliding in bed: This is the most appropriate action to decrease shearing force on a stage II pressure injury. Sliding in bed can exacerbate shearing forces on the skin, leading to further damage or delayed healing of the pressure injury. Using devices such as pillows, positioning aids, or specialized mattresses can help prevent the client from sliding and minimize shearing forces on the affected area, promoting healing and preventing further injury.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Socioeconomic:
Stress related to homelessness is categorized as a socioeconomic stressor. Socioeconomic stressors arise from economic or social factors such as poverty, unemployment, housing instability, or lack of access to resources. Homelessness is a significant socioeconomic stressor that can impact various aspects of a person's life, including physical health, mental well-being, and social relationships.
B) Adventitious:
Adventitious stressors refer to unexpected or traumatic events that are outside the individual's control, such as natural disasters, accidents, or crimes. While homelessness can result from various circumstances, it is not typically classified as an adventitious stressor.
C) Cultural:
Cultural stressors pertain to conflicts or challenges related to cultural identity, values, beliefs, or practices. While cultural factors may intersect with the experience of homelessness, the primary stressor in this scenario is socioeconomic rather than cultural.
D) Developmental:
Developmental stressors are related to life transitions or stages of development, such as adolescence, adulthood, or aging. While homelessness can certainly affect individuals at different life stages, the primary stressor in this scenario is the socioeconomic aspect of homelessness rather than a specific developmental stage.
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