A nurse is caring for a client who has named a person to serve as his health care proxy. The client talks about this type of advance directives. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for clarification?

"I can change who I designate as my health care proxy at any time."

"I have to choose a family member as my health proxy."

"I become incapacitated, end-of-life choices will be made by my proxy"

"The health care proxy does not go into effect until 1 am incapable of making decisions,"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "I can change who I designate as my health care proxy at any time": This statement is correct. Clients have the right to change their designated health care proxy at any time as long as they are competent to do so. It's important for clients to know that they have flexibility in selecting their proxy based on their preferences and trust in the individual's ability to represent their wishes.
B. "I have to choose a family member as my health proxy": This statement requires clarification. While many clients may choose a family member as their health care proxy, it is not a requirement. Clients have the autonomy to choose any individual they trust to make medical decisions on their behalf, whether it's a family member, friend, or even a legal representative. It's crucial to ensure that the chosen proxy understands the client's wishes and is willing and able to advocate for them.
C. "If I become incapacitated, end-of-life choices will be made by my proxy": This statement is accurate. A health care proxy is designated to make medical decisions on behalf of the client if they become incapacitated and are unable to make decisions for themselves. The proxy is responsible for advocating for the client's wishes, including end-of-life preferences, if outlined in the advance directive or communicated to the proxy beforehand.
D. "The health care proxy does not go into effect until I am incapable of making decisions": This statement is generally correct. Health care proxies typically become active only when the client is deemed incapacitated and unable to make decisions for themselves, as determined by a healthcare provider. However, the specifics may vary depending on state laws and the language of the advance directive document. It's essential for clients to understand when the proxy's authority begins and how it transitions based on their capacity to make decisions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Answer: B. Non-maleficence

Rationale:

A. Utility:
The principle of utility refers to actions that maximize the overall good or benefit for the greatest number of people. In this scenario, the nurse’s refusal to share the surgeon's medical diagnosis does not directly relate to maximizing benefits, so this principle is not applicable.

B. Non-maleficence:
Non-maleficence is the ethical principle that involves the obligation to avoid causing harm to others. By not disclosing the surgeon's medical diagnosis, the nurse is protecting the surgeon's privacy and confidentiality, thereby preventing potential harm that could arise from sharing sensitive health information without consent.

C. Paternalism:
Paternalism refers to making decisions for others with the belief that it is in their best interest, often overriding their autonomy. The nurse's action of withholding information is not based on deciding what is best for the other nurse but rather on adhering to confidentiality principles.

D. Justice:
Justice in healthcare refers to fairness in the distribution of resources and treatment. The situation does not pertain to equitable treatment or allocation of resources, so this principle is not relevant in this context.

A. Confine the fire B. Rescue the clients C. Pull the fire alarm D. Extinguish the fire.

Correct Answer is B, C, A, D

Explanation

Answer: B, C, A, D Rationale: B (Rescue the clients): The immediate priority in any fire situation is to ensure the safety of individuals, which includes removing clients from danger. C (Pull the fire alarm): After clients are safe, the next step is to alert others of the fire and call for assistance. A (Confine the fire): Once the alarm is activated, the fire should be contained by closing doors or windows to prevent it from spreading. D (Extinguish the fire): If it is safe to do so, the fire should be extinguished using the appropriate equipment. If not, evacuation is the next step.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has named a person to serve as his health care proxy. The client talks about this type of advance directives. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for clarification?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care for a surgeon on a medical-surgical unit. A nurse from another unit asks the nurse about the surgeon's medical diagnosis. The nurse responds that he is unable to provide the information requested. The nurse is displaying which of the following ethical principles?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

Correct Answer is B, C, A, D

Explanation

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