A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old child. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse give? (Select two)

Choice A: This instruction is correct, as iron supplements can cause a change in the color and consistency of stools, making them dark, green, or black. This is not a sign of bleeding or infection, but a normal side effect of iron therapy. The parents should be informed of this possibility and reassured that it is harmless.

Choice B: This instruction is incorrect, as iron supplements should not be administered at bedtime, but rather one hour before or two hours after meals. This is because iron absorption is reduced by food, especially dairy products, antacids, or calcium supplements. The parents should be instructed to give the medication on an empty stomach or with a small amount of food if it causes nausea.

Choice C: This instruction is incorrect, as iron supplements should not be given with milk, as milk contains calcium, which can interfere with iron absorption and reduce its effectiveness. The parents should be instructed to avoid giving milk or other dairy products within two hours of the medication.

Choice D: This instruction is incorrect, as iron supplements should not be administered at mealtimes, but rather one hour before or two hours after meals. This is because iron absorption is reduced by food, especially dairy products, antacids, or calcium supplements. The parents should be instructed to give the medication on an empty stomach or with a small amount of food if it causes nausea.

Choice A: Skin cancer is a malignant growth of the skin cells, which can be caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, genetic mutations, or immunosuppression. Skin cancer does not affect the mouth and does not cause a white, milky plaque. Skin cancer may cause changes in the color, shape, size, or texture of a mole or a skin lesion.

Choice B: Candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection of the mouth, which can be caused by overgrowth of Candida albicans, a type of yeast that normally lives in the body. Candidiasis or thrush can occur in people who have a weakened immune system, such as those who have a systemic disorder, take antibiotics, immunosuppressants, or corticosteroids, or have a smoking history. Candidiasis or thrush can cause soreness in the mouth and difficulty eating. Candidiasis or thrush can also cause a white, milky plaque that does not come off with rubbing.

Choice C: Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that affects the squamous cells, which are flat cells that form the outer layer of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma can occur in areas that are exposed to sun damage, such as the face, ears, lips, or neck. Squamous cell carcinoma does not affect the mouth and does not cause a white, milky plaque. Squamous cell carcinoma may cause a red, scaly, crusty, or bleeding bump or patch on the skin.

Choice D: Herpes simplex is a viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes, such as the mouth, lips, genitals, or eyes. Herpes simplex is transmitted by direct contact with an infected person or object. Herpes simplex does not cause a white, milky plaque. Herpes simplex may cause painful blisters or ulcers that burst and form scabs.