The nurse is caring for a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforate anus. The nurse monitors the infant, knowing that which is a clinical manifestation associated with this disorder?

Sausage-shaped mass palpated in the upper right abdominal quadrant

The passage of currant jelly-like stools

Bile-stained fecal emesis

Failure to pass meconium stool in the first 24 hours after birth

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Sausage-shaped mass palpated in the upper right abdominal quadrant.
Explanation: A sausage-shaped mass in the upper right abdominal quadrant is more indicative of Hirschsprung's disease, not imperforate anus. In Hirschsprung's disease, there is a lack of ganglion cells in the rectum, leading to obstruction and a palpable mass.
B. The passage of currant jelly-like stools.
Explanation: The passage of currant jelly-like stools is characteristic of intussusception, a condition where one portion of the intestine telescopes into another. It is not associated with imperforate anus.
C. Bile-stained fecal emesis.
Explanation: Bile-stained fecal emesis suggests a possible intestinal obstruction or other gastrointestinal issue, but it is not a specific manifestation of imperforate anus. Imperforate anus is primarily characterized by the absence of a normal anal opening.
D. Failure to pass meconium stool in the first 24 hours after birth.
Explanation:
Imperforate anus refers to a congenital condition in which the opening to the anus is absent or improperly formed. One of the clinical manifestations is the failure to pass meconium stool within the first 24 hours after birth. Meconium is the thick, sticky, greenish-black substance that constitutes a newborn's first stools. The absence of meconium passage suggests a potential obstruction.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ribbon-like stools
Explanation: Ribbon-like or pencil-thin stools are associated with conditions affecting the rectum, such as colorectal cancer, but they are not a typical sign of intussusception.
B. Profuse projectile vomiting
Explanation: Profuse projectile vomiting is not a typical sign of intussusception. Vomiting may occur, but it is not the primary characteristic feature.
C. Bright red blood and mucus in the stools
Explanation:
Intussusception is a condition in which one part of the intestine slides into another, causing a blockage. One of the classic signs of intussusception is the presence of "currant jelly" stools, which are characterized by a mixture of bright red blood and mucus in the stools. This occurs due to the compression of the blood vessels in the intestine, leading to bleeding and mucosal discharge.
D. Watery diarrhea
Explanation: Watery diarrhea is not a typical sign of intussusception. The condition is more commonly associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, and the characteristic "currant jelly" stools.

A. Varicella (VARI) B. Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) C. Human papillomavirus (HPV4) D. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR) E. Rotavirus (RV)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Varicella (VARI): Correct
Explanation: The varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox. The CDC recommends that children receive the first dose of the varicella vaccine at age 1.
B. Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP): Correct
Explanation: The DTaP vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The first dose is typically given at 2 months, with subsequent doses given at 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years of age.
C. Human papillomavirus (HPV4): Incorrect
Explanation: The HPV vaccine is not typically administered at age 1. It is usually recommended for adolescents, starting around age 11 or 12. The HPV vaccine is given in a series of doses.
D. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR): Correct
Explanation: The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. The first dose is usually given at age 1, with a second dose recommended at 4-6 years of age.
E. Rotavirus (RV): Incorrect
The rotavirus vaccine is usually given in a series of doses starting at 2 months of age, with the last dose administered by 8 months. It is not a vaccine that is typically given at age 1.

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The nurse is caring for a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforate anus. The nurse monitors the infant, knowing that which is a clinical manifestation associated with this disorder?

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