The nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. What assessment findings would be consistent with this diagnosis? (Select All that Apply.)
Circumoral cyanosis
Tachycardia
Elevated diastolic blood pressure
Bradycardia
Bounding peripheral pulses
Continuous murmur
Narrow pulse pressure
Correct Answer : B,E,F
A. Circumoral cyanosis. This can occur but is less specific for PDA and more related to general issues with oxygenation.
B. Tachycardia. PDA can lead to increased heart rate as the heart works harder to manage the increased blood flow.
C. Elevated diastolic blood pressure. PDA usually causes a decrease in diastolic pressure, not an increase.
D. Bradycardia. Bradycardia is not typically associated with PDA.
E. Bounding peripheral pulses. PDA allows more blood to flow into the systemic circulation, leading to stronger pulses.
F. Continuous murmur. PDA typically causes a continuous "machine-like" murmur because of the continuous flow of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary artery.
G. Narrow pulse pressure. PDA often causes a wide pulse pressure, not a narrow one.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Oversupply of milk. This can lead to milk stasis and blockage, which can increase the risk of mastitis.
B. Gradual weaning of breastfeeding. Gradual weaning typically helps reduce the risk of mastitis because it allows the milk supply to decrease slowly and naturally without engorgement or blockage.
C. Infrequent, inconsistent feedings. This can lead to milk stasis and is a common cause of mastitis.
D. Cracks or fissures of the nipples. These can provide an entry point for bacteria, leading to infection and mastitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Sunken fontanels: Sunken fontanels are typically associated with dehydration rather than abusive head trauma.
B. Retinal haemorrhage: Retinal haemorrhages are a key indicator of abusive head trauma, such as shaken baby syndrome. They are caused by the shearing forces of rapid acceleration and deceleration.
C. Laceration to forearm: While concerning, a laceration to the forearm is not specific to abusive head trauma and could result from various types of trauma.
D. Large bruises on the body: While large bruises might indicate physical abuse, they are not specific to head trauma and do not point as directly to abusive head trauma as retinal haemorrhages do.
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