The nurse is caring for a newborn born at 31 weeks' gestation. Which assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?

Sole creases on heels

Ruddy skin color

Flexion of all four (4) extremities

Scant amount of vernix caseosa

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Sole creases on heels. Sole creases are a sign of maturity and are usually present in full-term infants, not preterm.
B. Ruddy skin color. This is more common in infants with polycythemia or those who are small for gestational age, not specifically linked to prematurity.
C. Flexion of all four extremities. Premature infants typically have less muscle tone and may exhibit less flexion, often appearing more limp or having extended extremities.
D. Scant amount of vernix caseosa. Premature infants typically have more vernix caseosa, which protects their delicate skin in utero. The amount decreases closer to full term, but at 31 weeks, there may still be a moderate amount.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. slight yellow vaginal discharge: Gonorrhea often presents with a purulent or yellowish vaginal discharge in females. It is one of the common symptoms along with pelvic pain and dysuria.
B. Decrease in urinary frequency: Gonorrhea can actually increase urinary frequency or cause dysuria. A decrease in frequency is not typical for gonorrhea.
C. frothy, white vaginal discharge: This is more characteristic of Trichomoniasis, not gonorrhea. Gonorrhea usually presents with a thicker, more purulent discharge.
D. low grade fever for three (3) days: While fever can be associated with many infections, it is not a common primary symptom of gonorrhea in the absence of more specific symptoms like discharge or pelvic pain.

A. Point of maximum impulse is shifted to the right B. Weak or absent lower extremity pulses C. Apical pulse is greater than radial pulse D. Systolic murmur at the left sternal border

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Point of maximum impulse is shifted to the right. This is not typically associated with coarctation of the aorta, but with other cardiac abnormalities.
B. Weak or absent lower extremity pulses. Coarctation of the aorta causes narrowing of the aorta, which restricts blood flow to the lower body, leading to diminished pulses in the lower extremities.
C. Apical pulse is greater than radial pulse. This finding is not specifically related to coarctation of the aorta.
D. Systolic murmur at the left sternal border. While murmurs may be present, coarctation typically causes a murmur best heard in the back or left infraclavicular area.

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