A nurse is assessing a newborn who has Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome). Which of the following are common characteristics? (Select All that Apply.)

Hypertonia

Large ears

Transverse palmar creases

Protruding tongue

Low birth weight

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Answer: C, D

A. Hypertonia
Hypertonia, or increased muscle tone, is not a common characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, many infants with Down's Syndrome typically exhibit hypotonia, or decreased muscle tone, which can affect their overall strength and development.

B. Large ears
While individuals with Down's Syndrome may have unique ear shapes, "large ears" are not specifically characteristic of Trisomy 21. Instead, the ears may appear small or have a different shape compared to those of typically developing children.

C. Transverse palmar creases
Transverse palmar creases, also known as simian lines, are commonly seen in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This feature is a characteristic finding that can help in identifying the condition during physical assessment.

D. Protruding tongue
A protruding tongue is a common feature in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This occurs due to hypotonia of the oral muscles, which can lead to difficulties in tongue control and positioning.

E. Low birth weight
Low birth weight is not a defining characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, newborns with Down's Syndrome can have varying birth weights; they are often average weight or slightly above average, although some may be below average due to other factors related to maternal health or gestational issues.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Administer parenteral antibiotics. The primary concern with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is the risk of infection, so administering antibiotics is crucial to prevent infection in both the mother and fetus.
B. Prepare for delivery. Without signs of labor, the focus is on preventing infection and monitoring, not immediate delivery.
C. Provide emotional support. While important, the priority intervention is preventing infection.
D. Assess cervical dilation every 6 hours. Routine cervical checks are not typically necessary unless there are signs of labor or other indications.

A. The baseline FHR can be obtained via ultrasound or auscultation B. The baseline FHR can be obtained during contractions C. The baseline FHR is normal between 110-160 bpm D. The baseline FHR is assessed over a 10-minute period

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The baseline FHR can be obtained via ultrasound or auscultation: True. The baseline fetal heart rate can be assessed using ultrasound or auscultation, which are standard methods.
B. The baseline FHR can be obtained during contractions: False. The baseline fetal heart rate should be obtained in the absence of uterine contractions because contractions can temporarily alter the heart rate, making it difficult to determine the true baseline.
C. The baseline FHR is normal between 110-160 bpm: True. This is the accepted normal range for baseline fetal heart rates.
D. The baseline FHR is assessed over a 10-minute period: True. The baseline is typically assessed over a 10-minute window to account for variability and provide an accurate average.

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A nurse is assessing a newborn who has Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome). Which of the following are common characteristics? (Select All that Apply.)

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Correct Answer is B

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