The nurse is caring for an infant following the surgical repair of an atrial septal defect. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this infant? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Stand directly in front of the client when talking: Standing directly in front of an agitated client can be seen as confrontational and might escalate the situation. It is better to stand at an angle and maintain a non-threatening posture.
B. Avoid wearing necklaces during client care: Wearing necklaces or other loose accessories can pose a safety risk if a client becomes aggressive and tries to grab or pull them, potentially causing injury.
C. Provide immediate verbal feedback for escalating behavior: Immediate feedback can help de-escalate potentially aggressive behavior by addressing issues before they become more serious. It also reinforces appropriate behavior and sets clear boundaries.
D. Bring security with you for all client interactions: Bringing security for all interactions is impractical and can create an atmosphere of distrust. Security should be involved only when there is a credible risk of violence.
E. Review the layout of the facility: Understanding the layout of the facility, including exits and potential hazards, helps in planning for safe interactions and knowing escape routes if a situation escalates.

A. Rhythmic suckling. Indicates the infant is effectively extracting milk.
B. A slurping sound as the infant sucks. This suggests poor latch and possible ingestion of air.
C. Tongue down with lips flanged. Shows that the infant's tongue is extended over the lower gum and lips are flared outward, creating a seal.
D. Dimpling of the infant's cheeks while sucking. Indicates improper latch and poor seal around the breast.
E. Audible swallowing. Indicates milk transfer is occurring as the infant swallows.