The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?

An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia.

An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair.

A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness.

A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. An 89-year-old stroke victim with a fractured hip and dysphagia is at the greatest risk for nutritional deficits. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can severely limit the intake of essential nutrients, leading to malnutrition. Additionally, the advanced age and the physical trauma from the stroke and hip fracture further increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies and related health problems.

B. An obese 42-year-old male admitted for a hernia repair may have nutritional concerns, but obesity itself does not necessarily indicate a risk for nutritional deficits. While obesity can be associated with poor dietary habits, it does not inherently mean the individual is lacking essential nutrients.

C. A woman at 4-weeks gestation suffering from morning sickness may experience temporary nutritional challenges due to nausea and vomiting. However, this condition is usually transient and can be managed with dietary adjustments and medical advice, making it less critical compared to the other options.

D. A 6-year-old who had a tonsillectomy yesterday might have temporary dietary restrictions due to post-surgical pain and discomfort. However, this is typically a short-term issue and does not pose a long-term risk for nutritional deficits.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C reason:

Avocado is a low-carbohydrate food that is high in healthy fats, making it an excellent choice for someone with type 2 diabetes. It does not contain refined sugars or high levels of carbohydrates, which can cause blood sugar spikes. Avocados also provide fiber, which helps in managing blood glucose levels. This choice indicates that the client understands the importance of selecting foods that do not adversely affect their blood sugar levels.

Choice A reason:

Grapes contain natural sugars and can raise blood glucose levels, making them less ideal for someone with type 2 diabetes who needs to manage their carbohydrate intake carefully. While they can be consumed in moderation, they are not the best choice for avoiding refined sugars and carbohydrates.

Choice B reason:

Potatoes are high in carbohydrates and can cause significant increases in blood glucose levels. They are not recommended for someone with type 2 diabetes who is trying to avoid refined sugars and high-carbohydrate foods. Choosing potatoes would indicate a misunderstanding of the dietary guidelines provided.

Choice D reason:

Pretzels are typically made from refined flour and contain high levels of carbohydrates, which can lead to blood sugar spikes. They are not suitable for someone with type 2 diabetes who needs to avoid refined sugars and carbohydrates. Selecting pretzels would suggest that the client does not fully understand the dietary recommendations.

A. A tuna sandwich, French fries, and a glass of milk. B. A cheese sandwich, an apple, and a soda. C. An egg salad sandwich, soda, and chocolate cake. D. A hot dog, potato chips, and a glass of milk.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A tuna sandwich, French fries, and a glass of milk provide a high-protein meal that is beneficial for an adolescent client who is anemic. Tuna is a rich source of protein and iron, both of which are important for addressing anemia. Milk adds additional protein and calcium, supporting overall health. While French fries are not the healthiest option, the protein content of the meal is the primary focus.

Choice B reason:

A cheese sandwich, an apple, and a soda provide some protein from the cheese, but the overall protein content is lower compared to the tuna sandwich. Additionally, soda is high in sugar and does not contribute to the nutritional needs of an anemic client.

Choice C reason:

An egg salad sandwich, soda, and chocolate cake provide protein from the eggs, but the meal includes high-sugar items like soda and chocolate cake. These items do not support the nutritional needs of an anemic client and can contribute to unhealthy eating habits.

Choice D reason:

A hot dog, potato chips, and a glass of milk provide some protein from the hot dog and milk, but hot dogs are high in saturated fats and sodium. Potato chips are also high in unhealthy fats and do not contribute to the nutritional needs of an anemic client. The overall meal is less balanced compared to the tuna sandwich option.

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The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse instructs a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) to avoid refined sugar and carbohydrates. Choosing which food indicates that the client understands the diet teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A high-protein diet is prescribed for an adolescent client who is anemic. Which lunch is best for this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing a nutrition plan with a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet?

The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest risk for health problems related to nutritional deficits?

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The parents of a child with prediabetes report to the nurse that the child wants to join a soccer team. Which action is best for the nurse to implement?

A client expresses an interest in reducing intake of saturated fats and plans to stop eating hamburgers at lunch. Which menu item should the nurse suggest as an alternative source of protein?

When conducting diet teaching for a client who was diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, what food(s) should the nurse encourage the client to eat? Select all that apply.