A client has a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L). The nurse should encourage the client to make which selection from the lunch menu? Reference Range

Sodium [Reference Range: Adult 136 to 145 mEq/L or 136 to 145 mmol/L]

Canned cream of mushroom soup, tuna salad, and water.

Bacon. lettuce, and tomato sandwich, grapes, and skim milk.

Taco salad, refried beans, low fat ice cream and coffee.

Chicken salad on toast, fruit-flavoured yogurt, and iced tea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A

Canned cream of mushroom soup, tuna salad, and water is inappropriate. Canned soups and processed foods like canned cream soups can be high in sodium. Tuna salad might also have added salt.

Choice B
B. Bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich, grapes, and skim milk is the appropriate selection. A serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L) is higher than the normal reference range (136 to 145 mEq/L or 136 to 145 mmol/L), indicating hypernatremia or high blood sodium levels. In this case, it's important for the client to choose foods that are lower in sodium to help manage their sodium intake.

Choice C

Taco salad, refried beans, low-fat ice cream, and coffee is inappropriate. Taco salad can contain salty ingredients, and refried beans can also be high in sodium. Processed meats and sauces used in tacos can contribute to sodium intake.

Choice D

Chicken salad on toast, fruit-flavoured yogurt, and iced tea is inappropriate. Chicken salad and some breads might contain added salt. Fruit-flavoured yogurts can also have added sugars, and iced tea can vary in sodium content depending on how it's prepared.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A

Potatoes are incorrect. Potatoes are high in carbohydrates and can cause a rapid increase in blood sugar levels, so they are not the best choice for someone with diabetes trying to avoid refined sugars and carbs.

Choice B

Avocado is correct. Avocado is a good choice for someone with Type 2 diabetes who wants to avoid refined sugars and carbohydrates. Avocado is a healthy source of monounsaturated fats, fibre, and various vitamins and minerals. It has a low glycaemic index and doesn't significantly raise blood sugar levels, making it a suitable option for people with diabetes.

Choice C

Grapes are incorrect. Grapes are a fruit with natural sugars, and although they contain fibre, they can still cause spikes in blood sugar levels.

Choice D

Pretzels are incorrect. Pretzels are usually made from refined flour and are high in simple carbohydrates, causing rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. They are not a good choice for someone with diabetes aiming to avoid refined sugars and carbs.

A. Counting carbohydrates will ensure glucose levels stay within a normal range. B. Many carbohydrates are found in starches and fruits. C. It is best to count carbohydrates when it feels like blood glucose is low. D. Examples of complex carbohydrates are white rice and cereals.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A

Counting carbohydrates will ensure glucose levels stay within a normal range is accurate. When providing dietary education to a client with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, it's important to emphasize the role of carbohydrate counting in managing blood glucose levels. Carbohydrate intake significantly impacts blood sugar levels, and counting carbohydrates can help the client make informed decisions about their meals and medications to maintain glucose levels within a normal range.

Choice B

Many carbohydrates are found in starches and fruits is not accurate. Carbohydrates are present in a variety of foods, including starches (such as bread, rice, and pasta) but not fruits. Educating the client about sources of carbohydrates can help them make choices that support blood sugar management.

Choice C

It is best to count carbohydrates when it feels like blood glucose is low is not accurate. Counting carbohydrates is an ongoing practice that helps individuals with diabetes maintain consistent blood sugar levels throughout the day, not just when blood glucose feels low.

Choice D

Examples of complex carbohydrates are white rice and cereals is inaccurate. White rice and many cereals are actually exampling of simple carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates include foods like whole grains, legumes, and vegetables. It's important to provide accurate information about carbohydrate types.

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A client has a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L). The nurse should encourage the client to make which selection from the lunch menu? Reference Range Sodium [Reference Range: Adult 136 to 145 mEq/L or 136 to 145 mmol/L]

Nursing Test Bank

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A client has a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L). The nurse should encourage the client to make which selection from the lunch menu? Reference Range

Sodium [Reference Range: Adult 136 to 145 mEq/L or 136 to 145 mmol/L]